colloidal system consists of two separate phases: a dispersed phase (or internal phase) and a continuous phase (or dispersion medium). A colloidal system may be solid‚ liquid‚ or gaseous. Many familiar substances are colloids‚ as shown in the chart below. As well as these naturally occurring colloids‚ modern chemical process industries utilize high shear mixing technology to create novel colloids. The dispersed-phase particles have a diameter of between approximately 5 and 200 nanometers.[2] Such
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MICROENCAPSULATION Microencapsulation: Definition: It is the process by which individual particles or droplets of solid or liquid material (the core) are surrounded or coated with a continuous film of polymeric material (the shell) to produce capsules in the micrometer to millimetre range‚ known as microcapsules. Microencapsulation (Cont.): Morphology of Microcapsules: The morphology of microcapsules depends mainly on the core material and the deposition process of the shell. 1- Mononuclear
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pressure heads in a rigid convergent/divergent tube of known geometry for a range of steady flow rates. The Bernoulli’s theorem ( Bernoulli’s t heorem‚ 2011) relates the pressure‚velocity‚ and elevation in a moving fluid (liquid or gas)‚ the compressibility and viscosity(internal friction)of which are negligible and the flow of which is steady‚ or laminar. In order to demonstrate the Bernoulli’s theorem ‚ the F1-15 Bernoulli’s Apparatus Test Equipment isused in this experiment. The pressure
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Caffeine is a drug that is used to improve mental alertness by stimulating the central nervous system [1]. It is an ingredient found in a various amount of products sold on the market today‚ such as coffee‚ tea‚ chocolate‚ soft drinks‚ and energy drinks. Caffeine can be taken by mouth or intravenously (by IV) to help alleviate breathing problems in infants and can even be used in combination with some pain killers to treat migraines after epidural anesthesia. Moreover‚ it can be helpful in preventing
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energy (without derivation). Mean free path and collision frequencies. Heat capacity of gases (molecular basis); viscosity of gases. Real gases‚ compressibility factor‚ deviation from ideality‚ van der Waals equation of state‚ critical phenomena‚ continuity of states‚ critical constants. * Liquid state: physical properties of liquids and their measurements: surface tension and viscosity. Unit II. Basic physical chemistry II Chemical kinetics and catalysis: order and molecularity of reactions
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5th Edition‚ McGraw-Hill‚ ISBN 0-07-240217-2 Hydraulics 1 1 David Apsley 1. Introduction and Basic Principles 1.1 Definitions A fluid is a body of matter that can flow; i.e. continues to deform under a shearing force. Fluids may be liquids (definite volume; free surface) or gases (expand to fill any container). Fluids obey the usual laws of Newtonian mechanics‚ but as a continuum. Unlike rigid bodies‚ fluid particles may move relative to each other‚ interacting via internal forces
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the ’mass’ goes straight to our factories in Victoria or Tasmania. Fresh full cream milk is collected and condensed and transported to the factories. Sugar is added to the condensed milk with some of the cocoa mass‚ making a rich creamy chocolate liquid‚ which is then evaporated to make milk chocolate crumb. As these ingredients are cooked together‚ the special rich creamy taste of Cadbury chocolate is produced. Each year‚ 22‚000 tonnes of crumb is produced at Claremont to be made into chocolate
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know it on earth would not exist. Water is the only substance naturally present on the earth that exists in three distinct states -solid‚ liquid‚ and gas. Many of the unique properties in the take for granted include the three physical phases‚ transparency‚ universal solvents‚ density behavior and temperature‚ high specific heat‚ high heat of vaporization‚ viscosity‚ surface tension and low compressibility. To understand why these properties exist in water and why they are essential to life on earth
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encourage patient to stop smoking because it is the most effective way to prevent vasoconstriction. I would tell him to limit dietary fat intake to less than 30% of total daily calories. I would remind him to drink adequate liquids to prevent dehydration and to increase blood viscosity. I would recommend a physical therapist to increase exercise. Also I would recommend decreasing cholesterol intake because it reduces the formation of plaque to the arteries. I would also address to decrease his blood
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The purpose of this manual is to serve as instructional book for students‚ technical staff and instructors to assist in performing and understanding the experiments in Transport Phenomena. In the second edition‚ two new experiments on kinematic viscosity and vapor pressure determinations have been included in Fluid Mechanics and Mass Transfer sections respectively. The old experiments have been revised to eliminate errors and induce clarity. This manual will be available in electronic form from department’s
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