The brachial plexus is a network of spinal nerves. Spinal nerves carry information from peripheral sensory receptors to the spinal cord (of the central nervous system)‚ and then carry information back from the central nervous system to effector muscles and glands. The brachial plexus carries out these functions in the pectoral girdle and upper limbs. Specifically‚ nerves of the brachial plexus aid in innervation of the muscles of the upper limbs (with the exception of the trapezius and the levator
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Biology II 30 March 2012 The Comparison of Nervous Systems in Humans‚ Cnidarians‚ Flatworms‚ and Annelids The nervous system is one of the most important organ systems in the body. It is in charge of all of the things that happen within the body. Being responsible for receiving sensory input from internal and external stimuli‚ integrating and processing information‚ and generating output‚ it would be hard to survive without a nervous system; however‚ there are different types of nervous systems
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midwife. After a difficult vaginal delivery‚ the child was responsive and able to feed. When the child’s head is lifted and dropped gently‚ her right arm moves outward‚ but her left remains extended and near her side. Lead in: Which nerve is least
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Arachnoid mater: is the middle layer located on the inner surface of the dura‚ superficial to the pia. Pia mater: is the thin‚ innermost layer that adheres to the outer surface of the brain and spinal cord‚ and the origins of the cranial and spinal nerves. 3. What is cerebrospinal fluid and what is its function? CSF is a clear liquid that bathes the brain and spinal cord. CSF provides the brain and spinal cord with nutrients and helps to create a chemically stable environment. 4. Which meningeal layer(s)
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Membrane irritability is the ability to respond to stimuli and convert them into nerve impulses and conductivity is the ability to transmit an impulse (in this case‚ to take the neutral impulse and pass it along the cell membrane). 5. Why does the nerve’s action potential increase slightly when add 1.0 V to the threshold voltage and stimulate the nerve? The action potential increases slightly because the nerve consists of more than one neuron‚ therefore increasing the voltage increases the
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Anatomy of Peripheral Nerves Peripheral nerves consist of fascicles that contain myelinated and unmyelinated axons. Endoneurium is the small amount of matrix that is present between individual axons. The perineurium is a sheath of special‚ fiber-like cells that ties the axons of each fascicle together. Epineurium is the connective tissue that surrounds the entire nerve trunk and gives off vascular connective tissue septa that traverse the nerve and separate fascicles from one another. | | Single
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Report 2 -Karthik raj Konnaiyan Patellar reflex: Patellar reflex is contributed by 3rd and 4th Lumbar segment nerves‚ in some cases 2nd lumbar segment is also involved. So an individual will be left with patellar reflex if these lumbar vertebrae are left intact. Patellar reflex is also called knee-jerk reflex as the names implies‚ it is involved with tapping of knee at certain point will cause a jerk movement. In medical terms when an individual is tapped on patellar tendon (area below the knee
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important to mention the Neuron as carrier impulses from the CNS to the periphery‚ the peripheral nerves in turn have the funsion to carry messages from one part of the organism to another‚ so we can understand the action of these drugs. They act in the prevention‚ generation and propagation of the nervous impulse. Acting on the blocking of the depolarization initiation‚ allowing Na + to enter the nerve cell from rest to the trigger threshold (- 50a - 60 mV) would consequently impede the initiation
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HOW DOES THE STRUCTURE OF NEURONES REFLECT THEIR FUNCTION The neuron or nerve cell is the structural unit of the nervous system. It is able to transmit messages between the central nervous system (CNS) and all parts of the body. There are two basic types of neuron namely - the sensory neuron (afferent) and the motor neuron (efferent) (Bear et al.‚ 3rd edition). The sensory neurons (Fig. 1-1) are capable of transmitting the sensation of pain and consist of three major portions which are the dendritic
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H E E T EXERCISE 21 Print Form Spinal Cord‚ Spinal Nerves‚ and the Autonomic Nervous System Anatomy of the Spinal Cord 1. Match each anatomical term in the key to the descriptions given below. Key: a. cauda equina 1. 2. 3. 4. b. conus medullaris c. filum terminale d. foramen magnum most superior boundary of the spinal cord meningeal extension beyond the spinal cord terminus spinal cord terminus collection of spinal nerves traveling in the vertebral canal below the terminus of the spinal
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