only everyday actions associated with organizational climate‚ but will also strongly affect the factor "security" found in the culture. As Kurt Lewin (1947) pointed out in his three-step change management theory‚ three most important factors in the unfreezing step of change include time‚ motivation and preparation for changes. Sopow (2007) also proposed in his article that overtime‚ change in the organizational climate may create changes in culture (p.22). Hence‚ a change in organizational culture requires
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A prospective‚ randomized and comparative study of oocyte survival by slow freezing and vitrification methods. Dr.Suresh Babu Chaduvula‚ Abstract: Aim and Objectives: To determine the efficacy of slow freezing and vitrification methods in the survival of oocytes. Introduction: Material and Methods: It is a prospective comparative study done in Abha infertility center‚ Abha ‚ Kingdom of SaudiArabia. Results: Discussion: Conclusion: In our study survival of oocytes are found to
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of experiments 3.2 and 3.4 was to determine whether the melting/freezing or boiling point is a characteristic of the property of the substance. A characteristic property is a certain property (physical or chemical) that can determine or identify the substance. For example‚ density and magnetism are two characteristic properties that can distinguish objects from one another. In this case‚ we are figuring out whether the melting/freezing or boiling point of a substance will help us find out what the
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Italian Dictionary‚ 2016). Moreover‚ in this experiment‚ the use of tert-butanol was needed to perform phase changes. Tert-butanol is colorless oily with sharp odors‚ mixes with water‚ and has a freezing point of 78 degrees Farenheit (PubChem‚ 2016). This substance allows for proper testing due to its freezing point being at room temperature. Tert-butanol can easily show how the process of phase changes can happen without having to take the time to freeze a different substance. It is also necessary
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experiments were performed to observe the colligative properties. This includes the freezing point depression‚ and osmotic pressure. Two ice baths were made‚ one with pure water‚ the other with salt water. The lowest temperature was then record for each bath and compared. The salt water had a lower freezing point than the pure water by 2 degrees which supports the hypothesis that solutions have a lower freezing point than pure water. The second property observed was osmosis pressure. This experiment
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plastic cup and pour in one cup water in each 2. Take one teaspoon of salt and mix it in one of cups 3. Put both cups in the freezer 4. Observe. Conclusion: When salt is added to water it slows the freezing process down‚ therefore the freezing point of tap water is higher than the freezing point of salt water. Hypothesis: If... ‚ then... Materials: 1. 2 Plastic cups 2. Tap Water 3. Teaspoon 4. Bag of salt 5. Freezer 6. Clock 7. Paper 8. Pencil Procedures:
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salt is acting to lower the freezing point of water‚ and changing what phase of matter the water is (i.e.‚ turning solid ice into liquid water). For the ice cream maker‚ because the rock salt lowers the freezing point of the ice‚ the temperature of the ice/rock salt mixture can go below the normal freezing point of water. This makes it possible to freeze the ice cream mixture in the inner container of the ice cream machine. For the salt spread on streets in wintertime‚ the lowered freezing point means that
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effect it has on water. Do you like salt? Do you put it on your food to make it taste better? Salt doesn’t just make food taste better; it can change the freezing and boiling point of water. I bet you didn’t know that! There’s a reason for that‚ but I’ll explain that a little later. First‚ let’s find out if salt can actually change the freezing and boiling point of water. To do so‚ we need to do an experiment. Now‚ if you’re going to do an experiment‚ you’re going to need a hypothesis. Let’s use
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ΔT1 = Kfm where Kf is a constant that depends on the specific solvent and m is the molality of the molecules or ions solute. Table 1 gives data for several common solvents. Table 1. Molal Freezing Point and Boiling Point Constants | Solvent | Formula | Freezing Point (°C) | Kf(°C/molal) | Boiling Point (°C) | Kb(°C/molal) | Water | H2O | 0.0 | 1.86 | 100.0 | 0.51 | Acetic acid | CH3COOH | 17.0 | 3.90 | 118.1 | 3.07 | Benzene | C6H6 | 5.5 | 4.90 | 80.2 | 2.53 | Chloroform | CHCl3 | –63
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But‚ a mixture of 20% NaCl and liquid water will have a lower freezing point (2 degrees Fahrenheit) than a mixture of 10% NaCl and liquid water (4). The 20% solution will then melt the ice much faster (though it isn’t practical)(4). The material that melts ice the fastest is the material that dissolves into the greatest
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