Biology 100 Quiz 1 1. Which is the smallest unit of life that can survive and reproduce on its own? x | a cell | | a molecule | | an organ | | a population | | an ecosystem | 2. The instructions in DNA are used to make x | proteins | | carbohydrates | | DNA | | energy | | homeostasis | 3. The chemical processes in the living cell are collectively called | adaptation | | homeostasis | | evolution | | respiration | x
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Lightning Perhaps the most known and powerful display of electrostatics in nature is a lightning storm. Lightning storms are inescapable from humankind’s attention. They are never invited‚ never planned and never gone unnoticed. The rage of a lightning strike will wake a person in the middle of the night. They send children rushing into parent’s bedrooms‚ crying for assurance that everything will be safe. The fury of a lightning strike is capable of interrupting midday conversations and activities
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He tested the origin and properties of cathode ray using a cathode ray tube. And his observation was with electricity‚ a metal plate produces a cathode ray. The model is called plum pudding model. Because it has negative charged particles named electrons inside atom. They can be removed or added to form an iron. * Loard Ernest Rutherford * Lord Ernest Rutherford came from Nelson New Zealand. In 1911‚ his observation was the atom should be‚ if the plum theory was correct‚ solid pudding‚
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exam 1 material * probelsm 11-20 exam 2 material * problems 21-30 exam 3 material * problems 31-35 new material (MO theory from ch 11‚ ch 12) All Single-choice 10 multiple choice material 2. Which pair of atoms/ions has same # of electrons? 32p and 32s 15e 16e- Al 3+ and Cl- 10e- 18e- Xe and I- 54e- 54e- 13C 14N 6e- 7e- ^ the 13 on C is mass number. = # protons + # neutrons. 3. N2 + 2 O2 + Cl2 -> 2 NO2 Start with 6 mol N2‚ 4 mol O2‚ 4 mol Cl2‚ Find limiting
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continue on with Dalton’s theory‚ which lead them into new areas of experiments. In the late 1800’s JJ Thompson‚ the Physicist discovered the sub atomic particle known as the electron. JJ Thompson made a model known as the “Plum Pudding” where you can see the pudding as positive charged and the plums as negatively charged electrons. This theory was invalid due to what is known as the Rutherford gold foil experiment‚ which is designed to probe an atom. Rutherford’s gold foil experiment displayed that
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INTRODUCTION Maleic acid and Fumaric acid are both compounds belonging to the carboxylic acids class. In this experiment‚ we formed the two isomers of 1‚2-ethylenedicarboxylic acid and tested the solubility and melting points of both of these products. Both of these compounds involve a carbon-carbon double bond that is composed of one σ bond and one π bond. The overlap of sp2 hybrid orbitals forms the σ bond‚ and one empty p orbital forms the π bond. This process is illustrated in the figure below:
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63 64 65 Relative mass /m/e 2M Species protons neutrons Electrons 20 Ne 10 10 10 10 16 O2- 8 8 8 10
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hydrogen. When an ionic compound forms‚ the anion transfers an electron to the cation which creates an electrostatic bond and an electrically neutral compound. Also‚ they readily dissolve in aqueous solutions and are good conductors of heat and electricity. Further‚ ionic compounds can be classified as either strong conductors or weak conductors. In contrast‚ molecular compounds are formed from non-metals. Molecular compounds share electrons between atoms forming a covalent bond. In general‚ molecular
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Chp. 4 Biology Study Guide Page 1 8/30/2011 BIOLOGY STUDY GUIDE CHAPTER 4– THE CHEMICAL BASIS OF LIFE Matter = anything that takes up space and has mass (major types of matter = solid‚ liquid‚ and gas) Any type of matter is made of one or more elements. o Element = a substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by regular chemical processes. (examples: gold‚ silver‚ mercury‚ etc.) There are approximately 25 elements necessary for life. • Examples: oxygen‚ carbon‚ hydrogen‚
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However in covalent bonds the nuclei are positive and the electrons which are being shared are negative. The intermolecular forces in hydrogen chloride are Dipole-Dipole forces: The slightly negative end of another hydrogen chloride particle will become attracted to the other end of the particle which has a slight positive charge. Therefore the two dipoles will become drawn together because the electrons are not shared between the two particles of hydrogen chloride. Dipole-Dipole
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