components such as ligation buffer‚ DNA insert‚ pGEM®-T‚ and T4 DNA ligase is mixed by gentle pipetting. The 2X rapid ligation buffer is used in this experiment to saving the ligation time. This ligation buffer contains ATP. ATP is used to catalyze the formation of phosphodiester bond and the reaction of restriction enzyme buffer. The recommended time and temperature of incubation when using 2X rapid ligation buffer are one hour at room temperature (24°C) and overnight at 4°C. In this overnight incubation
Premium DNA Gene Genetics
Proceedings of COBEM 2009 Copyright © 2009 by ABCM 20th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering November 15-20‚ 2009‚ Gramado‚ RS‚ Brazil MINIATURISED CYLINDER HEAD PRODUCTION BY RAPID PROTOTYPING MELO‚ Rodrigo N.‚ a42144@alunos.uminho.pt Universidade do Minho‚ Campus de Azurem‚ 4800-085 Guimarães‚ Portugal. MONTEIRO‚ António A.C.‚ cmonteiro@dem.uminho.pt Universidade do Minho‚ Campus de Azurem‚ 4800-085 Guimarães‚ Portugal MARTINS‚ Jorge J.G.‚ jmartins@dem.uminho.pt Universidade
Premium Internal combustion engine
Rapid and Continuous Change – A modern Perspective By Nathan Jennison As famously held by Charles Darwin‚ “it is not the strongest of the species that survives‚ nor the most intelligent that survives. It is the one that is the most adaptable to change” (Cope‚ 2009 p; 26). Hence‚ in today’s global and dynamic environment marked with hyper-competitive and volatile markets it is widely recognised that an organisation’s ability to manage change quickly‚ productively and positively is a critical
Premium Change management Organization Management
and breathing rate will increase during exercise. It was hypothesised that if the amount of exercise (independent variable) increases‚ then the individual’s heart rate (bpm) and breathing rate (breaths-pm) (dependant variables) will increase when the environment in which the exercise is completed and a consistent and appropriate method of measurement for the dependant variables are kept constant. It was hypothesised that if physical exercise was increased‚ an individual’s heart and breathing rate
Premium Heart Oxygen Blood
“Rapid technological change has shaped the world we live in today…” The impact of new technology especially in the developed world is evident all around us in the way we communicate and understand the world. There has been significant progress in many spheres‚ such as health‚ engineering‚ education and many others with the technological progress. Sometimes it is far away from positive influence many areas of our everyday life depend on computers and mobile devices and it distanced us from what
Premium Mobile phone Innovation Internet
Sometimes during free writing‚ we tend to wander off topic. This is fine during free writing‚ but afterward‚ it is important to make sure that the focus is clear. Today we are going to learn a way to help us focus and stay on topic‚ so that the writing is clear. When I began writing a persuasive letter‚ I decided to persuade people to read. This was my first attempt‚ during free writing: I really like to read. When I was young‚ I would read all of the time‚ sometimes even during class. I also stayed
Premium Writing Writer Creative writing
The Fed’s actions during the Financial Crisis of 2008 The Federal Reserve took various measures to stabilize and make sure that the situations in the financial markets improved. The measures limited the damage on the market from affecting the entire economy. Among the measures‚ the Federal Reserve provided liquidity. This included giving financial institutions secured short-term loans. The loans helped to bail out financial institutions from imminent collapse. The Federal Reserve also supported
Premium Federal Reserve System Central bank Finance
When a population grows rapidly‚ it can put great stress on an area such as a community or a country. When sudden extreme population growth occurs‚ food will become a prized possession‚ more people will die due to disease and war‚ and the economy will be affected. As a population grows‚ all the additional people will need food immediately to survive. There will not be time to develop new sources of food over many years. Instead‚ more and more people will need food more and more and the food will
Premium Population The Nation Population growth
Congress‚ a gridlock concerning the passage of a climate change bill to “transform the nation’s energy approach to energy and climate change” (Ryan Lizza) occured. The theory of pivotal politics can be applied to the situation to explain why gridlock happened. The problem was‚ the filibuster pivot‚ Senator Lindsey Graham‚ was not able to be convinced to continue with the bill.
Premium United States Political party Political philosophy
change and acquiring new knowledge all throughout Europe during the eighteenth century. During this time period‚ many of things were accomplished such as scientific advancements with Copernicus and Johannes Kepler and scholastic advancements with Rousseau and Voltaire. The main achievement of the enlightenment though was the exploring of new ideas and the opening of great minds like Napoleon Bonaparte‚ who was a child of the Enlightenment. During his reign‚ he accomplished a lot more things than the
Premium French Revolution Christianity Protestant Reformation