African-American Literature: The Freedom Riders
My subject is on "The Freedom Riders". The Freedom Riders were a group of multicultural men and women, who challenged the laws of segregation on interstate buses. The Freedom Riders were brave men and women wanting to make a difference. Though the Freedom Riders were not the first people to go up against segregation they held a part in what we as our African American history.
According to Mr. Raymond Arsenault the recent death of Rosa Parks refocused nationwide attention on one of the crucial figures of the civil rights movement the Freedom Riders. However without the heroism of hundreds of unsung activist, Rosa Parks refusing to give up her seat on the bus would not have accomplished what it did. In the "Freedom Riders," Raymond Arsenault
a history professor at the University of South Florida, rescues from obscurity the men and women who, risked everything and rode public buses into the South as a way to challenge in interstate travels. Drawing on individual papers, F.B.I documents and interviews with more than 200 contributors about the rides, Arsenault brings to life a defining moment in modern American history.
"Freedom Riders" starts on May 4, 1961, when 13 black and white men and women boarded two buses in Washington D.C. bound for New Orleans, but 17 years earlier, when Irene Morgan, in an act of defiance the predates Rosa Parks, refused to give up her seat on a bus visiting from Virginia to Maryland according to my sources. Irene Morgan was convicted of violating neighborhood segregation legal guidelines, she appealed all convictions to the Supreme Court, which found that in 1946 segregated seating on the interstate buses violated the constitution.
African Americans battled for a long time to win legal equality. Segregation was embedded in the South. Some schools opened transportation and many public places were segregated. The legal battles tested segregation in schools started ahead of schedule in the 1930s. Schools were built and finally finished in 1954 when Brown v. The Board of Education Supreme Court decision came about.
The Montgomery Bus Boycott in 1955 took on segregation in city transports. Starting in the 1960s sit-ins tested segregation at lunch counters. With the civil rights movement in progress by the late spring of 1961, activist tested yet another segregation issue: interstate transport travel. In fact, this segregation was at that point unlawful. In 1946, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Morgan v. Virginia, the Supreme Court decided that it was also unlawful in transport terminals. With the national government refusing to uphold the Supreme Court’s decisions and in spite of these decisions, segregation persisted. Most African Americans did not want to challenge the custom for the fear of the possibility of retaliation by whites.
Research shows that in 1961, a gathering of Freedom Riders-a highly diverse group-tested segregation on interstate buses and in terminals. In doing so they challenged government authorities to uphold U.S. laws. The Freedom Riders boarded buses set out towards Louisiana, just to defy brutal resistance from white residents and law authorities in Alabama. Several of the Freedom Riders were imprisoned and assaulted by segregation hordes. In the long run national government intervened to see that the laws were upheld.
When the Freedom Riders were over, segregation endured another blow. The Freedom Rides turned into a characterizing piece of social equality, development, and the Freedom Riders became models of the courage that changed race relations. The Freedom Riders set out to test the existing conditions on different types of open transportation in the South and to test local laws and traditions that authorized segregation. The Freedom Riders conveyed regard for the injustice of the law. The Freedom Riders were brave men and women, who took charge and to make change happen. They will forever have my respect.
According to Mr. Raymond Arsenault the recent death of Rosa Parks refocused nationwide attention on one of the crucial figures of the civil rights movement the Freedom Riders. However without the heroism of hundreds of unsung activist, Rosa Parks refusing to give up her seat on the bus would not have accomplished what it did. In the "Freedom Riders," Raymond Arsenault
a history professor at the University of South Florida, rescues from obscurity the men and women who, risked everything and rode public buses into the South as a way to challenge in interstate travels. Drawing on individual papers, F.B.I documents and interviews with more than 200 contributors about the rides, Arsenault brings to life a defining moment in modern American history.
"Freedom Riders" starts on May 4, 1961, when 13 black and white men and women boarded two buses in Washington D.C. bound for New Orleans, but 17 years earlier, when Irene Morgan, in an act of defiance the predates Rosa Parks, refused to give up her seat on a bus visiting from Virginia to Maryland according to my sources. Irene Morgan was convicted of violating neighborhood segregation legal guidelines, she appealed all convictions to the Supreme Court, which found that in 1946 segregated seating on the interstate buses violated the constitution.
African Americans battled for a long time to win legal equality. Segregation was embedded in the South. Some schools opened transportation and many public places were segregated. The legal battles tested segregation in schools started ahead of schedule in the 1930s. Schools were built and finally finished in 1954 when Brown v. The Board of Education Supreme Court decision came about.
The Montgomery Bus Boycott in 1955 took on segregation in city transports. Starting in the 1960s sit-ins tested segregation at lunch counters. With the civil rights movement in progress by the late spring of 1961, activist tested yet another segregation issue: interstate transport travel. In fact, this segregation was at that point unlawful. In 1946, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Morgan v. Virginia, the Supreme Court decided that it was also unlawful in transport terminals. With the national government refusing to uphold the Supreme Court’s decisions and in spite of these decisions, segregation persisted. Most African Americans did not want to challenge the custom for the fear of the possibility of retaliation by whites.
Research shows that in 1961, a gathering of Freedom Riders-a highly diverse group-tested segregation on interstate buses and in terminals. In doing so they challenged government authorities to uphold U.S. laws. The Freedom Riders boarded buses set out towards Louisiana, just to defy brutal resistance from white residents and law authorities in Alabama. Several of the Freedom Riders were imprisoned and assaulted by segregation hordes. In the long run national government intervened to see that the laws were upheld.
When the Freedom Riders were over, segregation endured another blow. The Freedom Rides turned into a characterizing piece of social equality, development, and the Freedom Riders became models of the courage that changed race relations. The Freedom Riders set out to test the existing conditions on different types of open transportation in the South and to test local laws and traditions that authorized segregation. The Freedom Riders conveyed regard for the injustice of the law. The Freedom Riders were brave men and women, who took charge and to make change happen. They will forever have my respect.