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Domestic dog
Temporal range: 0.033–0Ma
PreЄ
Є
O
S
D
C
P
T
J
K
Pg
N
↓
Pleistocene – Recent
Collage of Nine Dogs.jpg
Nine different dog breeds
Conservation status
Domesticated
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Family: Canidae
Genus: Canis
Species: C. lupus
Subspecies: C. l. familiaris[1]
Trinomial name
Canis lupus familiaris[2]
Synonyms
Species synonymy[show]
The domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris,[2][3] or Canis familiaris) is a member of the Canidae family of the mammalian order Carnivora. The term "domestic dog" is generally used for both domesticated and feral varieties. The dog was the first domesticated animal[4][5] and has been the most widely kept working, hunting, and pet animal in human history.[citation needed] The word "dog" can also refer to the male of a canine species,[6] as opposed to the word "bitch" which refers to the female of the species.
The dogs' value to early human hunter-gatherers led to them quickly becoming ubiquitous across world cultures. Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship, and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals. This impact on human society has given them the nickname "man's best friend" in the Western world. In some cultures, however, dogs are also a source of meat.[7][8] In 2001, there were estimated to be 400 million dogs in the world.[9]
Contents
1 Etymology and related terminology 2 Taxonomy 3 History and evolution 3.1 DNA studies 4 Roles with humans 4.1 Early roles 4.2 As pets 4.3 Work 4.4 Sports and shows 4.5 As a food source 4.6 Health risks to humans 4.7 Health