In the late nineteenth century, the United States of America saw companies flourish. Advances in technology greatly increased output and lowered costs of many goods; people were also making more money and the nation was truly prospering. Due to the booming economy, a great deal of changes occurred. Companies started to grow at a faster rate, and soon there were enormous companies that seemed to rule their individual industries. It quickly became apparent that some firms were monopolizing the industries, making prices higher and lessening the competitiveness of the market. Many companies were also fixing prices, forcing other businesses to pay ridiculous amounts since they had no other options.…
A positive aspect of LBOs is that poorly managed firms can undergo valuable corporate reformation when they go private. By changing their corporate structure, replacing executive staff, unnecessary business units, and controlling costs, a company can revitalize itself and earn substantial returns. Since this type of acquisition involves a high debt-to-equity ratio, one corporation can easily acquire another company with little capital. If the acquired company’s returns are greater than the cost of the debt financing, then all stockholders can benefit, further increasing the value of a firm. Also, as a result of the high leverage and tax deductibility of leverage…
Establish how the cost of equity is affected by capital structure decisions by defining financial risk and introducing the levered-beta capital asset pricing model (CAPM) equation;…
Declared that a person cannot be excluded on the basis of disability alone from any program or activity receiving federal funds. (Not as limited as IDEA due to broader definition of disability as something that “limits major life activities.”)…
1.1: Identify the current legislation and codes of practice relevant to the promotion of equality and valuing of diversity.…
Laws for the Good Samaritan inspire onlookers to provide assistance to others that are in apparent hazard and he or she can be reasonable safe when doing so. The Good Samaritan believes he or she is protected from any legal responsibilities when practical actions are taken to assist individuals in apparent danger. The Good Samaritan must remember that every state has a Good Samaritan statute, but the performer’s eligibility for coverage and qualifying circumstances under which care is delivered varies.…
These policies will show the procedures that staff must follow if they have any concerns. The policies must cover;…
Fear is usually associated with dogs or drowning; however, the fear that over took America over a century ago was the fear of big companies . Big companies were a huge threat to American economy. Anti-Trust acts were initiated to dissolve and prevent monopolies from forming in America. A monopoly is when a company or a group of people get so powerful that they control the market of a specific product or industry. This issue started in America in the 1800s after the civil war; the American government was in tune to this problem and tries to stop it by passing the Antitrust Act. Congress passed the antirust acts of 1890 and 1914. America’s end goal is to have a free enterprising system, which is having limited government restrictions…
By working in partnership with professional colleagues, can help to overcome perceived boundaries between services and organisations,…
The 20th century produced a number of important legislation and movements that shaped the way juvenile offender and delinquents were treated. The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974; is to be considered one of those important legislation. This act was one of the first federal legislation that helped shape states policies when dealing with the juvenile court system. The Juvenile and Delinquency Prevention Act was passed by Congress to fix the issues that were emerging with the practice of intervention and rehabilitation for juveniles. Although, pre-criminal offences supposedly committed by juveniles would no longer be institutionalized by state juvenile justice systems due to the fact that this prevention act defined juveniles as male or female under the age of eighteen, and that juvenile delinquency was a law violation committed by a juvenile. The Juvenile and Delinquency Prevention Act established a system were juveniles were kept out of adult prison system with the help from local and state assistance through grants that were used to coordinate and establish proper planning to evaluate projects that would help in the development of more efficient training, treatment, educational and rehabilitation programs that could improve the juvenile justice system, and also juvenile delinquency. The two main focuses of this prevention act was to ensure that all juveniles would be removed from any adult jail or prison system, and to also stop juvenile court systems from sending minors who had committed criminal and noncriminal acts to prisonlike institutions for rehabilitation. However, it was believed that the two main focuses of this act was to ensure that the juveniles behavior issues had a chance to be rehabilitated, which could allowed them to reenter society and function normally. (Miller, 2004).…
P4 Outline how legislation, policies and procedures relating to health, safety and security influence health and social care settings…
Critically discuss the beliefs and social and political influences that have shaped contemporary service provision for children and young people…
This Act is to ensure that children are bought up and cared for by their own families. Parents who have children in need should be supported by all relevant services such as the Local Authority to make that their children are being looked after as best as possible. Any support that is provided should be provided in partnership with parents and meet each child’s needs. Children should be protected at all times by relevant intervention when there are risks of them being in danger. When dealing with children courts should make sure that delays are avoided and may only make an Order if it is in the best interest of the child or they may make no Order at all. Children should be kept informed about their futures and should be involved in any decisions made about their future.…
8. Lichtenberg, F. and Siegel, D. (1990). The effects of leveraged buyouts on productivity and related aspects of firm behaviour. Journal of Financial Economics. 9. Lubatkin, M. and Chatterjee, S. (1994). Extending modern portfolio theory into the domain of corporate diversification: Does it apply?. Academy of Management Journal, 37, pp. 109-136. 10. Pinegar, M. and Wilbricht, L. (1989). What Managers Think of Capital Structure Theory: A Survey. Financial Management, Winter, pp. 82-91. 11. Smith, A. (1990). Corporate ownership structure and performance. The case of Management Buyouts. Journal of Financial Economics, 27, pp.143-164. 12. McConnell, J. and Muscarella, C. (1985). Corporate capital expenditure decisions and the market value of firms. Journal of Financial Economics, 14, pp. 399-422. 13. Modigliani, F. and Miller, M. (1958). The cost of capital, corporation finance, and the theory of investment. American economic Review 48, June, 261-197. 14. Dividend Smoothing, Agency Costs, and Information Asymmetry: Lessons from the Dividend Policies of Private Firms. 15. Michael S. Rozeff , Growth, Beta and Agency Costs as Determinants of Dividend Payout Ratios, Journal of Financial Research, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 249-259, Fall 1982. 16. Smith, A. (1990). Corporate ownership structure and performance. The case of Management Buyouts. Journal of Financial Economics, 27, pp.143-164. 17. Henri Servaes Tobin’s Q and the gain from takeovers: The Journal of Finance • Vol. LXVI, No. 1 • March 1991. 18. Easterbrook (1984): Two Agency-Cost Explanations of Dividends. 19. The Modern Corporation and Private Property, Berle and Means. 20. Brealey & Myers on Corporate Finance: Capital Investment and Valuation , Richard A Brealey, Stewart C Myers. 21. The Black (1976) effect and cross market arbitrage in FTSE-100 index futures and options.…
assess approved education and care services against the National Quality Standard and the National Regulations, and to determine the ratings of those service…