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MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER
psychomotor retardation weight gain/weight loss anger disorganized thinking irritability delusions loss of libido change in bowel patterns feelings of guilt feelings of hopelessness/helplessness- poor concentration hallucinations suicidal ideations insomnia/hypersomnia anergia (loss of energy) psychomotor agitation psychomotor retardation chronic pain
*use verbal and non-verbal therapeutic communication approaches including empathy, active listening, and confrontation to encourage the client and family to express emotions such as sadness, guilt, and anger
*teach patient to verbalize fears and concerns, and set goals
*collaborate with the client to identify strengths such as the ability to relate the facts and to recognize the source of stressors
*encourage the client to describe previous stressors and the coping mechanisms used
*be supportive of coping behaviors; allow the client time to relax
*provide opportunities for the client to discuss the meaning the situation might have for the client
*assist the client to set realistic goals and identify personal skills and knowledge
*provide information regarding care before care is given
*discuss changes with the client before making them
*provide mental and physical activities within the client's ability (reading, TV, crafts, movies, social activities)
*discuss the client's and family's power to change a situation or the need to accept a situation
*offer instruction regarding alternative coping strategies
*encourage use of spiritual resources as desired
*encourage use of social support resources
*refer for additional or more intensive therapies as needed
*assess and report possible physiological alterations
*screen for elder neglect or other forms of mistreatment
*encourage client to make choices (as appropriate) and participate in planning care and scheduled activities
*increase and mobilize support available to older persons by encouraging a
psychomotor retardation weight gain/weight loss anger disorganized thinking irritability delusions loss of libido change in bowel patterns feelings of guilt feelings of hopelessness/helplessness- poor concentration hallucinations suicidal ideations insomnia/hypersomnia anergia (loss of energy) psychomotor agitation psychomotor retardation chronic pain
*use verbal and non-verbal therapeutic communication approaches including empathy, active listening, and confrontation to encourage the client and family to express emotions such as sadness, guilt, and anger
*teach patient to verbalize fears and concerns, and set goals
*collaborate with the client to identify strengths such as the ability to relate the facts and to recognize the source of stressors
*encourage the client to describe previous stressors and the coping mechanisms used
*be supportive of coping behaviors; allow the client time to relax
*provide opportunities for the client to discuss the meaning the situation might have for the client
*assist the client to set realistic goals and identify personal skills and knowledge
*provide information regarding care before care is given
*discuss changes with the client before making them
*provide mental and physical activities within the client's ability (reading, TV, crafts, movies, social activities)
*discuss the client's and family's power to change a situation or the need to accept a situation
*offer instruction regarding alternative coping strategies
*encourage use of spiritual resources as desired
*encourage use of social support resources
*refer for additional or more intensive therapies as needed
*assess and report possible physiological alterations
*screen for elder neglect or other forms of mistreatment
*encourage client to make choices (as appropriate) and participate in planning care and scheduled activities
*increase and mobilize support available to older persons by encouraging a