Bibliography Analysis
Lampel, A. K., Bricklin, B., & Elliot, G. (1999). Discipline Index (The). B. S. Plake, J. C. Impara, & R. A. Spies (Eds.), The fifteenth mental measurements yearbook. Retrieved from EBSCO Mental Measurements Yearbook
The Discipline Index is a rating assessment given to children between the ages of 6 to adolescence. They are to give their view on their parent’s discipline, and it is to compare the child’s perception of their parent’s discipline to their parent disciplinary action. Lampel, Bricklin and Elliott developed the assessment so that they could see how a child’s perception of discipline could be useful. Some of these include, “including planning therapeutic interventions, assessing a child for behavioral or emotional problems, assessing …show more content…
the effectiveness of parenting interventions, and developing parenting plans” (Harrison, 1999-2002).
The Discipline Index is a print test with a total of 64 questions with 32 parallel items assessing each parent. Meaning that a question was about the mother and the same question was also asked about the father, the odd number referenced the mother and the even number was for the father. The author made sure to avoid negative wording, “because children are often afraid to report abusive behavior, but the negative wording may be confusing for younger children” (Harrison, 1999-2002). The 32 questions are categorized into six scales with 4-7 scales for each item. “The scales measure clear expectations, or how the parent conveys his or her expectations to the child; effectively monitor behavior, or if the parent knows what the child is doing; indicate consistent enforcement, or the parent's use of consistent rules; measure fairness, or the parent's fairness in disciplinary practices; measure attunement, or if the parent knows the child well and moderates anger; or the parent's response to minor matters and use of physical discipline” (Harrison, 1999-2002).
The Discipline index was administered to 50 children, ages 6-14, middle class that come from divorced family, and 25% of those from minority groups. “No normative scores are provided for the Discipline Index. Instead, clinical evaluation of the raw scores and methods for comparing the child's ratings of mother and father are described briefly in the test handbook” (Harrison, 1999-2002). However the author notes the preliminary standardization data.
“No reliability data are reported. The authors attempt to justify the lack of data with a statement in the handbook that they aimed for a heterogeneous set of items and did not expect a child to answer consistently within a given subcategory” (Harrison, 1999-2002). Validity is shown in this assessment but it is not described well. “A sample of 40 children was assessed with the Bricklin Perceptual Scales, for which information about preferred parent was obtained, and the Discipline Index; children in the sample selected the preferred parent as the better disciplinarian 70% of the time” (Harrison, 1998-2002). I choose this exam because I work with children and there are times where I have to discipline them. I also want to work with parents in the future and teach them how to properly teach them children. I’ve been in the situation of divorce where there was discipline but not the proper type from either parent. It’s essential for parent’s to know their child and know how to discipline
Elliot, G.
(1998). Assessment of Parenting Skills: Infant and Preschooler. B. S. Plake & J. C.
Impara (Eds.), The fourteenth mental measurements yearbook. Retrieved from EBSCO Mental Measurements Yearbook database
The test is called, the Assessment of Parenting Skills: Infant and Preschool (APSIP) when in reality is it not much of an assessment. We come to the conclusion because there is no way for the examiner to have an exact score for the responder but it actually just helps the examiner to determine the typical parent-child interaction. Watson (1998), states, “Actually, this "assessment" instrument would be more accurately labeled as a structured interview for parents”. The test was created by T. Steuart Watson, Professor of Counselor Education/Educational Psychology at Mississippi State University with the purpose of evaluating the parenting skills of parent with children between the ages of birth and five years old. The main parents targeted for this test, while not clearly stated, are those who are going through a custodial battle and how their responses relate to one another. The test is either self-administered or given by an examiner, however if it is self-administered there are certain guidelines that need to be …show more content…
considered. “The APSIP booklet (i.e., structured interview form) contains questions regarding personal/social development, discipline, daily routine, health history, developmental history, school history, fears, communication style, and parental strengths and weaknesses; areas that most skilled clinicians address during parent interviews without benefit of these materials” (Watson, 1998). The examiner comes to a total score, and even though the test doesn’t have a real score, the examiner compares one parent’s response to the others. Due to lack of psychometric data the examiner has no real means to score the parental responses.
The normative samples are parents with children between the ages of infant to five years old. While it is not directly states, the respondents are parents who currently going through custodial proceedings. The booklet contains a "Bricklin Perceptual Scales: Child Perception of Parents Series" Scoring Summary sheet, which is not actually needed because there is no real way to have a score” (Watson, 1998). The examiner is fully relying on the honesty of the responder.
The APSIP makes it hard to be completely reliable because there is nothing to measure the response of the parents, but instead the clinicians have to go on their own judgment and character of the parents. However by the way answers are received we can conclude that the reliability is considered parallel-form. We know the validity is due to the relationship between the relationship of the parents and the current custody hearing they are going through. Specifically we see an internal validity, because their answer could depend on how the custody battle is going.
I choose this test because so many time I see parents who think they know what they’re doing not become the parents that they can be. I believe that parent’s should go through some sort of interview not for someone else to see what kind of parent they will be but for the parent themselves to see. A spouse really learns more of their significant other when they have a new life experience such as parenting to go through.
Guidubaldi, J., & Cleminshaw, H. K. (1994). Parenting Satisfaction Scale™. B. S. Plake & J. C. Impara (Eds.), The fourteenth mental measurements yearbook. Retrieved from EBSCO Mental Measurements Yearbook database
To many times people become parents and have no idea what they are doing.
When a parent is not satisfied in their role as a parent then it will affect their behavior. The Parenting Satisfaction Scale (PSS) is a refreshing step forward in closing the gap of awareness and promoting parenting skills and family healing” (Katz, 1994). The PSS aims to assess parents’ attitude toward parenting and Ira S. Katz reviews how this type assessment is used best.
This assessment is a 4-page self-score assessment. The parent is asked about how they feel about the spouse/ex-spouse, their relationship with the child, and their overall performance as a parent. Katz (1994) states that the Parenting Satisfaction Scale is a 45-item assessment that reviews parent’s attitude toward parenting in three specific scales: Satisfaction with Spouse/Ex-Spouse Parenting Performance, Satisfaction with the Parent-Child Relationship, and Satisfaction with parenting performance.
The PSS composed of three steps, first, the pilot phase and a final phase, which consisted with a 2 year follow-up. The purpose of the follow-up was to establish reliability and validity over a span of time. In the original sample there were 130 parents (78 mothers and 52 parent). Out of the 130 participants, 122 were married and 8 were single
parents.
Over the two year time span, we will see that satisfaction with spouse/ex-spouse parenting was more stable than the parent/child relationship or parenting performance (Katz, 1994).Smith (1994) stated, “despite the vast amount of data collected, none of the measures were directly related to parenting satisfaction, but rather were predominantly in the areas of child's social competence, child's academic and intellectual achievement, family health, and family environment”.
This test shows that sometimes parents can lose fulfillment in parenting, because it may not be all that they anticipated it would be. Parenting can be tough some days, so for a test to be honest on how parent’s feel is crucial. I’ve seen parents and work with parents, who adore their kids but same days they feel drained and frustrated at their child or spouse. It’s interesting to see how all these types of relationships were being measured.
The Discipline Index is a rating assessment given to children between the ages of 6 to adolescence. They are to give their view on their parent’s discipline, and it is to compare the child’s perception of their parent’s discipline to their parent disciplinary action. Lampel, Bricklin and Elliott developed the assessment so that they could see how a child’s perception of discipline could be useful. Some of these include, “including planning therapeutic interventions, assessing a child for behavioral or emotional problems, assessing …show more content…
the effectiveness of parenting interventions, and developing parenting plans” (Harrison, 1999-2002).
The Discipline Index is a print test with a total of 64 questions with 32 parallel items assessing each parent. Meaning that a question was about the mother and the same question was also asked about the father, the odd number referenced the mother and the even number was for the father. The author made sure to avoid negative wording, “because children are often afraid to report abusive behavior, but the negative wording may be confusing for younger children” (Harrison, 1999-2002). The 32 questions are categorized into six scales with 4-7 scales for each item. “The scales measure clear expectations, or how the parent conveys his or her expectations to the child; effectively monitor behavior, or if the parent knows what the child is doing; indicate consistent enforcement, or the parent's use of consistent rules; measure fairness, or the parent's fairness in disciplinary practices; measure attunement, or if the parent knows the child well and moderates anger; or the parent's response to minor matters and use of physical discipline” (Harrison, 1999-2002).
The Discipline index was administered to 50 children, ages 6-14, middle class that come from divorced family, and 25% of those from minority groups. “No normative scores are provided for the Discipline Index. Instead, clinical evaluation of the raw scores and methods for comparing the child's ratings of mother and father are described briefly in the test handbook” (Harrison, 1999-2002). However the author notes the preliminary standardization data.
“No reliability data are reported. The authors attempt to justify the lack of data with a statement in the handbook that they aimed for a heterogeneous set of items and did not expect a child to answer consistently within a given subcategory” (Harrison, 1999-2002). Validity is shown in this assessment but it is not described well. “A sample of 40 children was assessed with the Bricklin Perceptual Scales, for which information about preferred parent was obtained, and the Discipline Index; children in the sample selected the preferred parent as the better disciplinarian 70% of the time” (Harrison, 1998-2002). I choose this exam because I work with children and there are times where I have to discipline them. I also want to work with parents in the future and teach them how to properly teach them children. I’ve been in the situation of divorce where there was discipline but not the proper type from either parent. It’s essential for parent’s to know their child and know how to discipline
Elliot, G.
(1998). Assessment of Parenting Skills: Infant and Preschooler. B. S. Plake & J. C.
Impara (Eds.), The fourteenth mental measurements yearbook. Retrieved from EBSCO Mental Measurements Yearbook database
The test is called, the Assessment of Parenting Skills: Infant and Preschool (APSIP) when in reality is it not much of an assessment. We come to the conclusion because there is no way for the examiner to have an exact score for the responder but it actually just helps the examiner to determine the typical parent-child interaction. Watson (1998), states, “Actually, this "assessment" instrument would be more accurately labeled as a structured interview for parents”. The test was created by T. Steuart Watson, Professor of Counselor Education/Educational Psychology at Mississippi State University with the purpose of evaluating the parenting skills of parent with children between the ages of birth and five years old. The main parents targeted for this test, while not clearly stated, are those who are going through a custodial battle and how their responses relate to one another. The test is either self-administered or given by an examiner, however if it is self-administered there are certain guidelines that need to be …show more content…
considered. “The APSIP booklet (i.e., structured interview form) contains questions regarding personal/social development, discipline, daily routine, health history, developmental history, school history, fears, communication style, and parental strengths and weaknesses; areas that most skilled clinicians address during parent interviews without benefit of these materials” (Watson, 1998). The examiner comes to a total score, and even though the test doesn’t have a real score, the examiner compares one parent’s response to the others. Due to lack of psychometric data the examiner has no real means to score the parental responses.
The normative samples are parents with children between the ages of infant to five years old. While it is not directly states, the respondents are parents who currently going through custodial proceedings. The booklet contains a "Bricklin Perceptual Scales: Child Perception of Parents Series" Scoring Summary sheet, which is not actually needed because there is no real way to have a score” (Watson, 1998). The examiner is fully relying on the honesty of the responder.
The APSIP makes it hard to be completely reliable because there is nothing to measure the response of the parents, but instead the clinicians have to go on their own judgment and character of the parents. However by the way answers are received we can conclude that the reliability is considered parallel-form. We know the validity is due to the relationship between the relationship of the parents and the current custody hearing they are going through. Specifically we see an internal validity, because their answer could depend on how the custody battle is going.
I choose this test because so many time I see parents who think they know what they’re doing not become the parents that they can be. I believe that parent’s should go through some sort of interview not for someone else to see what kind of parent they will be but for the parent themselves to see. A spouse really learns more of their significant other when they have a new life experience such as parenting to go through.
Guidubaldi, J., & Cleminshaw, H. K. (1994). Parenting Satisfaction Scale™. B. S. Plake & J. C. Impara (Eds.), The fourteenth mental measurements yearbook. Retrieved from EBSCO Mental Measurements Yearbook database
To many times people become parents and have no idea what they are doing.
When a parent is not satisfied in their role as a parent then it will affect their behavior. The Parenting Satisfaction Scale (PSS) is a refreshing step forward in closing the gap of awareness and promoting parenting skills and family healing” (Katz, 1994). The PSS aims to assess parents’ attitude toward parenting and Ira S. Katz reviews how this type assessment is used best.
This assessment is a 4-page self-score assessment. The parent is asked about how they feel about the spouse/ex-spouse, their relationship with the child, and their overall performance as a parent. Katz (1994) states that the Parenting Satisfaction Scale is a 45-item assessment that reviews parent’s attitude toward parenting in three specific scales: Satisfaction with Spouse/Ex-Spouse Parenting Performance, Satisfaction with the Parent-Child Relationship, and Satisfaction with parenting performance.
The PSS composed of three steps, first, the pilot phase and a final phase, which consisted with a 2 year follow-up. The purpose of the follow-up was to establish reliability and validity over a span of time. In the original sample there were 130 parents (78 mothers and 52 parent). Out of the 130 participants, 122 were married and 8 were single
parents.
Over the two year time span, we will see that satisfaction with spouse/ex-spouse parenting was more stable than the parent/child relationship or parenting performance (Katz, 1994).Smith (1994) stated, “despite the vast amount of data collected, none of the measures were directly related to parenting satisfaction, but rather were predominantly in the areas of child's social competence, child's academic and intellectual achievement, family health, and family environment”.
This test shows that sometimes parents can lose fulfillment in parenting, because it may not be all that they anticipated it would be. Parenting can be tough some days, so for a test to be honest on how parent’s feel is crucial. I’ve seen parents and work with parents, who adore their kids but same days they feel drained and frustrated at their child or spouse. It’s interesting to see how all these types of relationships were being measured.