Biology Hl Reproductive Notes
Reproduction
Male sperm fuses with female egg.
If tdf (a gene) is present, then the embryo develops testes and produces testosterone.
Female Reproductive system
• Female baby develops if tdf is not present. • Tdf – a gene located on Y chromosome; if girl, then two X chromosomes, hence no Tdf. • Female hormones: progesterone and estrogen ( both secreted by mother’s ovaries and placenta which allow female genetilia to develop.
Parts of the female reproductive system:
Oviduct/Fallopian tube – site of fertilization
Ovary – produce and release ova and female sex hormones
Uterus – receives and nurtures embryo during development.
Cervix – contains glands that secret hormones during sexual arousal// holds fetus in uterus.
Vagina – receives penis/ semen during intercourse/ allows menstrual flow outside the body/ birth canal for fetus.
Labia – protect vaginal and urethral openings
(LEARN TO DRAW VAGINA/stuff AND EGG)!!!!
Menstrual Cycle
Oocyte: egg // Follicle: fluid filled sac containing the oocyte. 1. Follicular Phase: a group of follicles are stimulated to grow. 2. As follicles grow endometriym thickens. 3. The most developed follicle breaks open and releases an egg into the fallopian tube. 4. Luteal Phase: The other follicles degenerate and the main one becomes a corpus luteum. 5. If fertilization does not occur, corpus luteum breaks down and thickening of endometrium breaks too and sheds during menstruation.
* 36 day period – one complete menstrual
Hormones in the female reproductive system:
( Anterior Pituitary hormones: FSH and LH in the membranes of follicle cells
FSH: • Development of oocyte in the follicle • Thickening of follicle wall • Secretion of follicular fluid • Secretion of estrogens by follicle wall
LH:
• Completion of meiosis in the oocyte • Partial digestion of follicle wall to allow it to open (ovulation) • Growth of the corpus luteum
Male sperm fuses with female egg.
If tdf (a gene) is present, then the embryo develops testes and produces testosterone.
Female Reproductive system
• Female baby develops if tdf is not present. • Tdf – a gene located on Y chromosome; if girl, then two X chromosomes, hence no Tdf. • Female hormones: progesterone and estrogen ( both secreted by mother’s ovaries and placenta which allow female genetilia to develop.
Parts of the female reproductive system:
Oviduct/Fallopian tube – site of fertilization
Ovary – produce and release ova and female sex hormones
Uterus – receives and nurtures embryo during development.
Cervix – contains glands that secret hormones during sexual arousal// holds fetus in uterus.
Vagina – receives penis/ semen during intercourse/ allows menstrual flow outside the body/ birth canal for fetus.
Labia – protect vaginal and urethral openings
(LEARN TO DRAW VAGINA/stuff AND EGG)!!!!
Menstrual Cycle
Oocyte: egg // Follicle: fluid filled sac containing the oocyte. 1. Follicular Phase: a group of follicles are stimulated to grow. 2. As follicles grow endometriym thickens. 3. The most developed follicle breaks open and releases an egg into the fallopian tube. 4. Luteal Phase: The other follicles degenerate and the main one becomes a corpus luteum. 5. If fertilization does not occur, corpus luteum breaks down and thickening of endometrium breaks too and sheds during menstruation.
* 36 day period – one complete menstrual
Hormones in the female reproductive system:
( Anterior Pituitary hormones: FSH and LH in the membranes of follicle cells
FSH: • Development of oocyte in the follicle • Thickening of follicle wall • Secretion of follicular fluid • Secretion of estrogens by follicle wall
LH:
• Completion of meiosis in the oocyte • Partial digestion of follicle wall to allow it to open (ovulation) • Growth of the corpus luteum