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切斯特曼翻译伦理模式下《西厢记》两英译本比较研究
A Comparative Study of Two English Versions of Xixiang Ji—from the Perspective of Chesterman’s Models of Translation Ethics

Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Research Background
Ethics, which originates from the Greek word “ethos”, means the moral beliefs and rules about right and wrong in general. In the history of human civilization, ethics is always a question attracts much attention,(我觉得句号好一点) for thousands of years, human beings are always chasing the answers of what is good and what is bad, what is right and what is wrong in (what?). Ethics, as an essential part of culture, maintains social order and restrains human behavior in their communication.
Translation makes it possible for cultural inheritance and development. Therefore, translation studies should focus more on the cultural context in which the text lives instead of just stay on the linguistic and textual level. Actually, ever after Susan Bassnett and Andre Lefevere proposed the “Cultural Turn” in translation studies in their book Translation, History and Culture in the 1990s, scholars tend to study translation from cross-cultural perspective. They want to find out the factor in culture that influences the success of translation. As a kind of cross-cultural activity, translation is a process of culture communication and culture exchange. Ethics, on the other hand, influences and restrains human behavior and activity when communication happens. Scholars notice(过去式会不会好一点) this connection and begin their researches in translation ethics. Representatives in the western world are such as Berman, Pym, Venuti and Chesterman. Under the influence and restrain of ethics, translation studies turn to focus on the question about what to translate, why to translate, how to translate and what strategies should be taken in translation. Translation ethics studies the relationships between original works, translators, target works and their readers, discusses whether an original work is

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