Living Environment Period 7
03 – 06 – 14
Mrs. Lombardi Page 319 – 332
Do 16 – 20, Page 337
16)
17) Interphase – Growth of the cell and replication of its genetic material
Prophase – Nuclear membrane breaks downs; chromosomes become visible.
Metaphase – Spindle fibers appear; chromosomes line up across the middle of the cell. Anaphase – Double – stranded chromosomes separate, identical chromatids move apart. Telophase – Chromatids move to opposite ends; nuclear membranes reappear; cell pinches in. 18) A giant ameba isn’t possible because before any one – celled organism gets anywhere near that big it undergoes mitosis. The product is a smaller version of the parent cell.
19) Cancer
is the disease caused by an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in a part of the body. Several chemicals and environmental toxins are responsible for changes in
normal cellular DNA. Substances that cause DNA mutations are known as mutagens, and mutagens that cause cancers are known as carcinogens.
Particular substances have been linked to specific types of cancer. Tobacco smoking is associated with many forms of cancer, and causes 90% of lung cancer. Similarly, prolonged exposure to asbestos fibers is associated with mesothelioma. Ways to reduce the risk of cancer is to eat fruits and vegetables, don’t smoke, limit fat in diet, and maintain a healthy weight.
20) By using asexual reproduction they can ensure that the plant's characteristics will be preserved. Some specialty plants are hybrids that will not breed true, will not reproduce well sexually, or will not reproduce at all sexually. Also asexual methods of reproduction can often produce saleable plants faster (for example, cuttings are large enough to sell much earlier than seedlings are). Finally, grafting is not quite a method of asexual reproduction, but is closely related to reproduction from cuttings.