Cognitive (Piaget, Jerome Bruner, Lev vygotsky (only do his theories of zone of proximal development) & Erik Erikson) (stages of cognitive development)…
The study and research of human development has always been intriguing, yet intensive. There are five perspectives commonly discussed in human development. The perspectives include: psychoanalytic, learning, cognitive, contextual, and evolutionary/sociobiological. Those who follow the contextual perspective tend to believe that development can be better understood in its social context. Additionally, they observe the individual as an inseparable component of the environment. Psychologist Urie Bronfenbrenner is responsible for producing one of the most well-known and essential contextual theories. Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Theory views development within a complex system of relationships affected by multiple levels of the surrounding environment…
Review the following theoretical perspectives on development: psychodynamic theories (e.g., Freud), psychosocial theories (e.g., Erikson), behaviorist (learning) theories (e.g., Watson, Skinner), social learning theories (e.g., Bandura), cognitive developmental theories (e.g., Piaget), information-processing theories (e.g., Siegler), and bioecological theories (Bronfenbrenner).…
You will be thinking of how the child develops in different areas of learning and their physical growth. This will include links to theory and the Early Years Foundation Stage.…
Piaget’s stage theory of cognitive development suggests that development occurs through four different stages, the sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational stages. While the information processing theory propose there is a continuous pattern of development that are not broken up into specific stages as Piaget offers.…
Task 1.1: Explain the sequence and rate of each aspect of development from birth – 19 years.…
Theories of development offer insights into the forces guiding childhood growth and what can affect them. Each offers insight but each has limitations, which is why developmental scientists use more than one theory to guide their thinking about the growth of children.…
For this part of the assignment I am going to be evaluating how nature and nurture may affect the development of an individual over two life stages. I will be looking at the effects of nature, nurture in relation to the Jim twins, development over their childhood and adulthood.…
There have been several theorists who have given many different theories that we know and use today. These theories try to explain how children develop and at what rate or pattern. This gives us a framework for understanding the process of development. Working with just one framework could stop us from exploring other views, so it is important that we look at and learn from theories from several different areas -…
Theorists have long sought to define human development and consider the effects that it can have on our lives. Our knowledge of how we develop as we do draws broadly speaking, on three disciplines: Biology, sociology and psychology (Wilson etal 2008). Erikson (1950) developed a model of Human Development titled the "Eight Stages of Man". This Psychosocial approach saw individual identity being developed as they move through points in their lives as they age (Crawford and Walker 2003). Critics of the model argue that it does not take into account issues of stigma, oppression and discrimination, however, they do describe in general the kinds of concerns that human beings encounter at different stages of their lives (Trevithick 2005). Bronfenbrenner (1979) takes an Ecological approach to human development and considers that "human development takes place through processes of progressively more complex reciprocal interaction between an active, evolving bio psychological human organism and the persons, objects, and symbols in its immediate environment".…
Kohlberg 's six stages can be more generally grouped into three levels of two stages each: pre-conventional, conventional and post-conventional. Following Piaget 's constructivist requirements for a stage model, as described in his theory of cognitive development, it is extremely rare to regress in stages—to lose the use of higher stage abilities. Stages cannot be skipped; each provides a new and necessary perspective, more comprehensive and differentiated than its predecessors but integrated with them.…
The term “Sequence” of child development refers to the how we expect a child to develop from the day it was born to the age of 19. Child Development is the biological, physiological and all the emotional changes that happen during these formative years as the child goes from dependency to autonomy. These changes could be hugely influenced by genetics, events that occur whilst in the womb and during prenatal development and are usually included in most studies of child development. Developmental changes are different. They occur as a result of a genetically controlled process called maturation or as a result of environmental factors and learning (home life and school for example) but these changes most commonly happen as a result of a combination of them both. It can also be a result of “human nature” which is the ability of the growing child to in fact learn from their environment. Human beings and especially children have a keen sense to adapt to their surroundings and this is what child development covers and includes. A child’s development is continually happening and can be measured in many different ways and although the child will develop at different rates and in different ways, the sequence in which this happens will follow the same sort of pattern .This is because in most examples they need to learn one skill before they can move onto the next. An example is walking. The child will need to learn to walk before they can run or jump etc. Development in children is more rapid in the early stages with many milestones happening in quick succession. This slows down as the child becomes a young adult with the milestones becoming further apart.(Cache children and young people’s workforce p49)…
There are several Theorists that gave us different types of experiments and factors about the development of the individuals children’s behaviour, reactions and ways of learning.…
According to Berger (2010), a developmental theory is a systematic statement of principles and generalizations that provide a framework for understanding how and why people change as they get older. After many years of observations, theorists have tried to use their findings to construct a sort of map of the human path from an infant through childhood and finally through adulthood. Psychoanalytic theory, behaviorism, and cognitive theory are three theories that focus on human development.…
He suggests that children go through four stages of intellectual growth: 0-2yrs - Sensorimotor, i.e. motor control and learning about objects, the child explores the environment around them using their senses; 2-7yrs - Preoperational, verbal skills development, the child understands the use of symbols and language; 7-11yrs - Concrete Operational, beginning to grasp abstract concepts, shows logical thinking; 12yrs to adulthood - Formal Operational, logical and systematic reasoning skills, is able to work through abstract problems.…