Chapter 1 BC
Communication: process of exchanging information and meaning between or among individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, and behavior.
Purpose of comm.: (satisfy needs) inform, persuade, and entertain.
Managers spend 60-80% of their time communicating
Career activities that involve communication: meetings, reports, interviews, team work, etc.
Effective BC doesn’t happen automatically! An effective communicator anticipates misunderstandings.
Sender encodes message
Encoding: selecting and organizing the message (words and non-verbal signs)
Purpose: that the receiver gets a message as close as possible to the one sent
(Knowledge of the receiver aids the sender to encode)
Breakdowns: ambiguous msg, non-verbal signs, distractions, words not in receiver’s vocabulary
Sender selects appropriate channel and transmits message * Two-way, face-to-face: conversation, interviews, videoconferences…
(instant feedback, non-verbal signs) * Two-way, not face-to-face: telephone, chat
(instant feedback, limited non-verbal signs) * One-way, not-face-to-face: letters, emails, reports…
(no instant feedback, minimal non-verbal signs)
Receiver decodes message
Decoding: Interpreting a message
Breakdowns: Sender made mistake when encoding msg, intimidated receiver, receiver thinks topic is too hard, receiver is close-minded
Receiver encodes message to clarify misunderstandings (feedback)
Can be verbal or non-verbal: “I don’t get it”, confused face/”I understand”, nod
Much interference can happen in different parts of the comm. process…
Ex. Internal interferences: mental distractions like preoccupation of an unrelated matter, difference in educational level and culture…
Ex. External interferences: noisy environment, interruptions, uncomfortable surrounding…
Organizational Communication: Movement of information within company structure
Levels of communication 1. Intrapersonal Comm.: