By Lakshmi Radhakrishnan
Email id: lakshmiradhakrish@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
A sheet pile wall consists of a series of sheet piles driven side by side into the ground, thus forming a continuous vertical wall for the purpose of retaining an earth bank. They are commonly used for: (1) water front structures, (2) temporary constructions, (3) light weight construction where sub soil is poor for supporting a retaining wall. A sheet pile may be of three types:
Cantilever sheet piling
Anchored sheet piling
Braced sheeting
Cellular cofferdams
The design of sheet pile retaining walls requires several successive operations: (a) Evaluation of the forces and lateral pressures that act on the wall, (b) determination of the required depth of piling penetration, (c) computation of the maximum bending moments in the piling, (d) computation of the stresses in the wall and selection of the appropriate piling section and (e) the design of the walling and anchorage system. Before these operations can be initiated, however, certain preliminary information must be obtained. In particular, the controlling dimensions must be set. These include the elevation of the top of the wall, the elevation of the ground surface in front of the wall (commonly called the dredge line), the maximum water level, the mean tide level or normal pool elevation and the low water level. A topographical survey of the area is also helpful. Earth pressure theories have developed to the point where it is possible to obtain reliable estimates of the forces on sheet pile walls exerted by homogeneous layers of soil with known physical constants. The uncertainties involved in the design of sheet pile structures no longer result from an inadequate knowledge of the fundamentals involved. They are caused by the fact that the structure of natural soil deposits is usually quite complex, whereas the theories of bulkhead design inevitably presuppose homogeneous