Cell Organelle Chart (Structure/Function)
-dz assignment
Diagram
Micrograph
Structure
(noun)
Function
(verb)
Relationship between S/F
Nucleus
- Nucleus composed of chromatin, nucleoplasm, a nucleolus, and a nuclear envelope
- Has large pores (nuclear pores/nuclear envelope)
- Nuclear envelope has a double membrane - Diameter of 5 micrometers
- spherical shape
- controls all cell activity by directing which enzymes are made for specific functions
- stores the genetic material of the cell (DNA)
- directs the chemical reactions in cells by transcribing genetic information from DNA into RNA (called DNA replication)
- DNA replication allows cells to transfer information from one cell to the next during replication. - Nuclear envelope is the gateway to the cell (also known as nuclear pores)and allows substances (such as vital proteins) to enter and exit the nucleus
Chromatin
- super microscopic - composed of DNA (looped around histone proteins)
- thread like material (that coils to form chromosomes)
- immersed in nucleoplasm
- packages and winds DNA up
- chromatin plays a role in mitosis
- DNA replication
- prevents DNA damage - controls gene expression
- Chromatin’s thin threadlike structure helps it undergo mitosis where it forms into chromosomes.
- packages and winds DNA up so that it has a smaller volume. A smaller volume allows the DNA to fit in the cell
Chromo-somes
- Usually in the form of chromatin
- Composed of DNA
- Set number per species (ex. 23 pairs for humans)
- Contains and stores genetic information
- package DNA during nuclear division
- responsible and essential for replication, division and creation of daughter cells, that contain correct sequences of DNA and proteins
- Due to the fact that chromosomes are made of chromatin, they are able to unravel during mitosis and DNA replication
Nucleolus
- largest structure in nucleus
- located in the center of the nucleus
- produces rRNA
Diagram
Micrograph
Structure
(noun)
Function
(verb)
Relationship between S/F
Nucleus
- Nucleus composed of chromatin, nucleoplasm, a nucleolus, and a nuclear envelope
- Has large pores (nuclear pores/nuclear envelope)
- Nuclear envelope has a double membrane - Diameter of 5 micrometers
- spherical shape
- controls all cell activity by directing which enzymes are made for specific functions
- stores the genetic material of the cell (DNA)
- directs the chemical reactions in cells by transcribing genetic information from DNA into RNA (called DNA replication)
- DNA replication allows cells to transfer information from one cell to the next during replication. - Nuclear envelope is the gateway to the cell (also known as nuclear pores)and allows substances (such as vital proteins) to enter and exit the nucleus
Chromatin
- super microscopic - composed of DNA (looped around histone proteins)
- thread like material (that coils to form chromosomes)
- immersed in nucleoplasm
- packages and winds DNA up
- chromatin plays a role in mitosis
- DNA replication
- prevents DNA damage - controls gene expression
- Chromatin’s thin threadlike structure helps it undergo mitosis where it forms into chromosomes.
- packages and winds DNA up so that it has a smaller volume. A smaller volume allows the DNA to fit in the cell
Chromo-somes
- Usually in the form of chromatin
- Composed of DNA
- Set number per species (ex. 23 pairs for humans)
- Contains and stores genetic information
- package DNA during nuclear division
- responsible and essential for replication, division and creation of daughter cells, that contain correct sequences of DNA and proteins
- Due to the fact that chromosomes are made of chromatin, they are able to unravel during mitosis and DNA replication
Nucleolus
- largest structure in nucleus
- located in the center of the nucleus
- produces rRNA