CHAPTER 7 FOUNDATIONS OF GROUP BEHAVIORCHAPTER
CHAPTER 7 - FOUNDATIONS OF GROUP BEHAVIOR
CHAPTER OBJECTIVES
After reading this chapter, students should be able to:
1. Differentiate between formal and informal groups.
2. Explain why people join groups.
3. Describe how role requirements change in different situations.
4. Explain the importance of the Hawthorne studies.
5. Describe the importance of the Asch studies.
6. Explain what determines status.
7. Identify the implications of social loafing.
8. Outline the benefits and disadvantages of cohesive groups.
9. Explain the effect of diversity on group performance.
LECTURE OUTLINE
I. DEFINING AND CLASSIFYING GROUPS
A. Definition (ppt 4)
1. A group is defined as two or more individuals, interacting and interdependent, who come together to achieve particular objectives. Groups can be either formal or informal.
a) By formal, we mean a group that is defined by the organization’s structure, with designated work assignments establishing tasks and work groups.
b) In formal groups the behaviors that one should engage in are stipulated by and directed toward organizational goals.
c) In contrast, informal groups are alliances that are neither structured nor organizationally determined. In the work environment these groups form naturally as responses to the need for social contact.
2. Subclassify groups into command, task, interest, or friendship categories. (ppt 5)
a) Command and task groups are dictated by the formal organization, whereas interest and friendship groups are informal alliances.
b) The command group is determined by the organizational chart.
c) Task groups, also organizationally determined, represent persons working together to complete a job.
(1) A task group’s boundaries are not limited to its immediate hierarchical superior.
(2) All command groups are also task groups, but the reverse need not be true.
d) Groups may affiliate to attain a specific objective. This is an interest group.
e) Friendship groups often develop because the individual
CHAPTER OBJECTIVES
After reading this chapter, students should be able to:
1. Differentiate between formal and informal groups.
2. Explain why people join groups.
3. Describe how role requirements change in different situations.
4. Explain the importance of the Hawthorne studies.
5. Describe the importance of the Asch studies.
6. Explain what determines status.
7. Identify the implications of social loafing.
8. Outline the benefits and disadvantages of cohesive groups.
9. Explain the effect of diversity on group performance.
LECTURE OUTLINE
I. DEFINING AND CLASSIFYING GROUPS
A. Definition (ppt 4)
1. A group is defined as two or more individuals, interacting and interdependent, who come together to achieve particular objectives. Groups can be either formal or informal.
a) By formal, we mean a group that is defined by the organization’s structure, with designated work assignments establishing tasks and work groups.
b) In formal groups the behaviors that one should engage in are stipulated by and directed toward organizational goals.
c) In contrast, informal groups are alliances that are neither structured nor organizationally determined. In the work environment these groups form naturally as responses to the need for social contact.
2. Subclassify groups into command, task, interest, or friendship categories. (ppt 5)
a) Command and task groups are dictated by the formal organization, whereas interest and friendship groups are informal alliances.
b) The command group is determined by the organizational chart.
c) Task groups, also organizationally determined, represent persons working together to complete a job.
(1) A task group’s boundaries are not limited to its immediate hierarchical superior.
(2) All command groups are also task groups, but the reverse need not be true.
d) Groups may affiliate to attain a specific objective. This is an interest group.
e) Friendship groups often develop because the individual