Chemistry spec notes
C7 Further Chemistry
OCR 21st Century: 2011 specification
Made by Nabilah Chowdhury
Copyrighted
References: OCR 21st Century Further Sciences Book, CGP: OCR 21st century + various internet sources
Topic 1: Green Industry
Brief Intro 14/06/13
Natural resources are converted into useful products.
Bulk chemicals produced on a large scale b/c there is a larger demand for them.
Fine chemical are produced on a smaller scale. They’re used as feedstock’s (reactants bought by other manufacturers).
How to achieve a greener industry
Renewable sources
Fewer use of hazardous chemicals
Increased energy efficiency
Reduce waste + pollution
Higher yield
The work of the chemical industry 1A
Jobs
Maintenance worker: Fixes problems with machines
Transport workers: Brings materials into the plant
Research chemists: Investigate the best method
Production chemists: “Scale up” the methods
Analytical chemists: Test the purity of samples and see if it measure up to standards.
Technical team: Monitor data + conditions
Chemical process
1) These raw materials are converted into chemicals and purified into feedstocks after being heated and compressed.
Crude oil 2)Air 3) Water
2) The synthesis takes place in the reactor and is converted into the product Energy is released.
- Some CR’s take place in high temp. so need heat energy
Uses catalyst
3) The mixture of chemicals is separated into: Product, by-products, unchanged material (recycled).
Heat energy is produced as a by-product b/c so it is used to make steam in the exchanger saves money + energy
4) The product is analysed to monitor purity.
Products made from synthesis
Basic organics
Petrochemicals
Pigments, paint, dyes
Pharmaceutical
Speciality chemicals
Innovations in green chemistry 1B
Regulations are put in place for the storing and transporting of chemicals. Hazard symbols and sealed containers prevent harm from
OCR 21st Century: 2011 specification
Made by Nabilah Chowdhury
Copyrighted
References: OCR 21st Century Further Sciences Book, CGP: OCR 21st century + various internet sources
Topic 1: Green Industry
Brief Intro 14/06/13
Natural resources are converted into useful products.
Bulk chemicals produced on a large scale b/c there is a larger demand for them.
Fine chemical are produced on a smaller scale. They’re used as feedstock’s (reactants bought by other manufacturers).
How to achieve a greener industry
Renewable sources
Fewer use of hazardous chemicals
Increased energy efficiency
Reduce waste + pollution
Higher yield
The work of the chemical industry 1A
Jobs
Maintenance worker: Fixes problems with machines
Transport workers: Brings materials into the plant
Research chemists: Investigate the best method
Production chemists: “Scale up” the methods
Analytical chemists: Test the purity of samples and see if it measure up to standards.
Technical team: Monitor data + conditions
Chemical process
1) These raw materials are converted into chemicals and purified into feedstocks after being heated and compressed.
Crude oil 2)Air 3) Water
2) The synthesis takes place in the reactor and is converted into the product Energy is released.
- Some CR’s take place in high temp. so need heat energy
Uses catalyst
3) The mixture of chemicals is separated into: Product, by-products, unchanged material (recycled).
Heat energy is produced as a by-product b/c so it is used to make steam in the exchanger saves money + energy
4) The product is analysed to monitor purity.
Products made from synthesis
Basic organics
Petrochemicals
Pigments, paint, dyes
Pharmaceutical
Speciality chemicals
Innovations in green chemistry 1B
Regulations are put in place for the storing and transporting of chemicals. Hazard symbols and sealed containers prevent harm from