Cja 324 Ethics In Criminal Crime Research Paper

Victim’s Rights and Vengeance
CJA/324 ETHICS in CRIMINAL JUSTICE

June 30, 2014

This paper examines aspects of victimized people, the effect of wrongdoing on

victimized people. Particular attention is drawn to the stereotypes associated with victims and

constructions of the ideal victim. Procedural and administration rights particularly assume an

imperative part in characterizing whether exploited people are given proper consideration. A lot

of people new activities support the exploited person and vow for its better medicine, yet it will

be demonstrated that there are clashes in the matter of what is possible in actuality and what is

proposed. Be that as it may, it
can 't be debated that backing for exploited people has advanced

essentially inside the most recent decade. In the paper, it will be contended that the position of

the exploited person, impacted by these numerous variables, can 't be at the heart of the

framework, however has progressed regarding their medicine.

A great number of governmental papers, reports and initiatives now focus on victims,

their treatment, needs, assistance, support and satisfaction with the criminal justice

system.
Victims have become a significant element appearing in policies relating to crime, its

reduction and prevention, and are also used as a factor to determine the success of the criminal

justice system, or to justify some developments towards the offender. Without any question,

victims are treated with more respect, dignity and recognition. Victims’ needs and rights are

regarded as essential to the criminal justice system, and it is fundamental to address and fulfill

those. However, some arguments point out certain contradictions between what is proposed

and what can be realistically done. Victims may still be marginalized and not given

appropriate consideration, even though the Government is suggesting oppositely.

What may appear a straightforward project to development the victimized person 's

position right away, is in reality a piece of a ceaseless change inside the more extensive political

and social settings with numerous underlying components. The developing mindfulness and

current fixation on victimized people, and additionally the distribution of Justice for All were
the

starting reasons that decided the theme for this thesis. The technique of the thesis is

taking into account auxiliary exploration. By directing a survey of chose writing, diary

articles and legislative productions concerning victimized people, the center of the paper was

refined to a couple of issues emerging from the writing and accepted to be paramount in the

discuss about exploited people. The paper plans to basically break down the position of the

exploited person furthermore reach inferences concerning its asserted arrangement at the heart of

the criminal equity framework.

The key targets of the examination are: to clarify who victimized

people are and to examine the resurrection of the exploited person , to investigate the relationship

between the exploited person and conventional criminal equity to research political thought

processes behind the victimized person motivation and useful improvements in the criminal

equity framework.

At one end of the scale are low-status victims or so called unworthy victims, for example

the homeless, prostitutes, drug addicts, those with criminal convictions, and the ideal elderly

woman is placed at the other end. In reality, it is young men who are most at risk, and twice as

likely to be victims of violent crime compared to women (Walker et al, 2009). These

perceptions might have an influence on victims of crime and the way they are perceived and used

in policy-making process. The so called ideal victims need appropriate support due to

their vulnerability, but not to the exclusion of a large proportion of other victims. Victims can be

affected by crime in various ways; some experience practically no effect, whilst others are

impacted very seriously.

Exploited people 's requirements are considered with the end goal them should adapt to the reality that effect of wrongdoing reasons. Their needs grade to be exceptionally individual

and depended on various variables, however commonly are of a social, enthusiastic, handy or

budgetary character. Case in point, roundabout casualties of crime and casualties of savage

wrongdoing may have extremely solid responses obliging aid over a long time of time,

then again might never completely recuperate.
Victimized people who come into contact with the

criminal equity orgs must be at any rate approached with deference and distinguishment, and

kept educated about their case. Besides, individual needs ought to be surveyed and backing

guaranteed appropriately. Most critically, victimized people themselves ought to be approached

and got some information about their inclination of backing. It is crucial, that consideration is

paid to the real needs, not what is accepted to be useful for exploited people. The present moving

necessities offer an chance to recognize exploited people 's vitality inside the criminal framework.

The debate around the relationship between the victim and offender closely relates to

the place of the victim in a trial and victims’ rights. They have no right to

participate in their proceeding, because that could interfere with the defendant’s due

process rights. The relationship seems very contradictive in some ways, but ultimately,

offenders’ rights do not have to be compromised to favor the victim. Communities and law-

abiding citizens, crime prevention and reduction, and a consequent focus on the victim could
be

detected among political priorities. Because of the managerial nature, there is a close

relationship between the public and private sectors, and criminal justice is portrayed more as a

public service.

A move towards the exploited person, and by and large nationals, as dynamic members in

the criminal equity framework is obvious. Honestly, the victimized person has ended up

exceedingly politicized in this nature 's turf. Most importantly, victimized people may be

deliberately utilized by the Government as a device to engage general society, since victimhood

is connected with a mixed bag of enthusiastic effects, and along these lines secure open votes in

the political rivalry. The correctional nature is an aftereffect of the

duties made to victimized people and a reaction to the apparently solid open requests for

retributive equity guaranteeing more votes. The standard of appropriate recompense,

commonplace for the retributive model of equity, and some prominent cases have helped towards

harder arrangements on guilty parties it might be said.

The police rely on victims to report crime, and victims rely on the police to receive

information and referral to other available support. In the past, and to a degree even now,

stereotypes, prejudice or victim-blaming have existed within the police and individual

officers which could further result in different responses by the police according to

the seriousness, type of crime or characteristics of a reporting victim (Davies, 2003).

The police should not serve as a complete support, but rather cooperate with other agencies or

have specially trained staff in order to satisfy victims. The promises serve as a means to gain

more satisfaction and confidence in the system, but appear rather empty and only feed the

rhetoric around victim-justice.

A small proportion of victims and witnesses come into contact with the Court Service.

Courts are now guided by the Code of Practice, Witness Charter and findings from surveys, such

as the Witness and Victim Experience Survey (Moore & Blakeborough, 2008) and commonly

offer practical information for witnesses, for example on court layout and court procedures,

and receive leaflets about what they can expect and the procedures taking place in

court (Mawby, 2007). Under the No Witness No Justice initiative,

Witness Care Units were developed that run jointly by the police and Crown

Prosecution Service. They establish Witness Care Officers who keep victims

informed about their case, assess their needs and ensure appropriate help for them.

The Units secure a better service to victims, but again there is some way to go to meet

the minimum requirements (HMCPSI & HMICA & HMIC, 2009). All in all, the progress in the

care for victims and witnesses, especially vulnerable witnesses, is apparent in comparison to the

practice of the past. The courts will have to manage new standards in terms of efficiency and

victim service, however, more time needs to be allowed to change actions and attitudes of

lawyers and judges.

The ultimate question of this dissertation, the exploration of the heart of the criminal

justice system in relation to victims of crime, seems perhaps too simplified, having

discussed the many complexities of the problem. The increasing attention paid to

victims has been developing for a relatively long time and its birth was influenced by

a variety of factors, not entirely victim-connected. International influence has played a

part, and it could be speculated that this trend will continue. Victim impact statements

introduced to afford a form of victim participation remain a controversy.

Victims’ rights, and especially legally enforceable rights, are a weak point in the pledge

for victim-centered justice. So far, the offender seems to have more rights than the victim. Some

initiatives such as the Code of Practice for Victims may give an impression, a

deceptive impression, of enhancing victims’ rights though. Presumably, more will be

done with the growing international influence emphasizing human rights. For these

reasons, victims have been, and to a point still are, marginalized as far as traditional

justice is concerned.

References
Davies, M., Croall, H. & Tyrer, J., 2005. Criminal justice: an introduction to the

criminal justice system in England and Wales. 3rd ed. Harlow: Longman.

Davies, P., 2003. Crime victims and public policy. In Davies, P., Francis, P. & Jupp,

V., eds. Victimization: theory, research and policy. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Chapter 6.

HMPSCI & HMICA & HMIC, 2009. Report of a joint thematic review victim and

witness experiences in the criminal justice system. London: HMCPSI Publications

Team. Available at: http://www.hmica.gov.uk/files/VW_thm_May09_rpt.pdf

[Accessed 14 March 2010].

Mawby, R. & Walklate, S., 1994. Critical victimology. London: Sage Publications.

Mendelsohn, B., 1974. The origin of the doctrine of victimology. In Drapkin, J. &

Viano, E., eds. Victimology. DC Heat and Company: Lexington Mass.

Moore, L. & Blakeborough, L., 2008. Early finding from WAVES: information and

service provision. London: Ministry of Justice. Available at:

http://www.justice.gov.uk/docs/witness-victims-experience-survey.pdf [Accessed 3

April 2010].