Comm 307 Study Guide
Comm 307 Midterm Study Guide
Types of Hypotheses: ⁃ tentative statement about the relationship between IV & DV ⁃ One-tailed ⁃ predicts the specific nature of the relationship or difference ⁃ EX: Females will talk more (higher word count) than males in mixed dyadic dinner conversations ⁃ Two-tailed ⁃ predicts significant relationship or difference, but does not indicate the specific nature of the relationship ⁃ EX: There is a significant difference in the quantity of words used (talkatively) by males & females in mixed dyadic dinner conversations ⁃ Null (Ho)⁃ ⁃ predicts that groups will not vary on DV or that there is not a relationship between 2 variables ⁃ Ho: r=0 H1: r=0 ⁃ H0: male talkatively = female talkatively ⁃ **you are testing the Null hypotheses
Types of Research Questions: ⁃ explicit question researchers ask about variables of interest ⁃ Directional ⁃ asks if there is a positive or negative relationship or a specific difference between two or more variables ⁃ EX: Do females use significantly more words than males? ⁃ Nondirectional ⁃ when researcher asks if there is no relationship between two or more variables or a significant difference occurs between two or more variables ⁃ EX: Is there a significant difference between the amount of words (talkatively) females and males?
Variables:
⁃ Any entity that can take on different values ⁃ Concrete ⁃ birth order (first born, middle child, baby) ⁃ sex (male or female) ⁃ Abstract ⁃ age (a number that changes) ⁃ level of public speaking anxiety (score) ⁃ Relationships ⁃ correspondence between two variables ⁃ Correlation ⁃ Positive, Negative, No relationship ⁃ Strength and Direction
Variables:
⁃ Independent ⁃
Types of Hypotheses: ⁃ tentative statement about the relationship between IV & DV ⁃ One-tailed ⁃ predicts the specific nature of the relationship or difference ⁃ EX: Females will talk more (higher word count) than males in mixed dyadic dinner conversations ⁃ Two-tailed ⁃ predicts significant relationship or difference, but does not indicate the specific nature of the relationship ⁃ EX: There is a significant difference in the quantity of words used (talkatively) by males & females in mixed dyadic dinner conversations ⁃ Null (Ho)⁃ ⁃ predicts that groups will not vary on DV or that there is not a relationship between 2 variables ⁃ Ho: r=0 H1: r=0 ⁃ H0: male talkatively = female talkatively ⁃ **you are testing the Null hypotheses
Types of Research Questions: ⁃ explicit question researchers ask about variables of interest ⁃ Directional ⁃ asks if there is a positive or negative relationship or a specific difference between two or more variables ⁃ EX: Do females use significantly more words than males? ⁃ Nondirectional ⁃ when researcher asks if there is no relationship between two or more variables or a significant difference occurs between two or more variables ⁃ EX: Is there a significant difference between the amount of words (talkatively) females and males?
Variables:
⁃ Any entity that can take on different values ⁃ Concrete ⁃ birth order (first born, middle child, baby) ⁃ sex (male or female) ⁃ Abstract ⁃ age (a number that changes) ⁃ level of public speaking anxiety (score) ⁃ Relationships ⁃ correspondence between two variables ⁃ Correlation ⁃ Positive, Negative, No relationship ⁃ Strength and Direction
Variables:
⁃ Independent ⁃