Correctional System In The 19th Century

The foundation of correctional law and the start of the correctional system goes back to the seventeenth and eighteenth century in England. In the seventeenth and eighteenth century it began as hospice facilities which were institutions that promoted the idea of isolating offenders from each other. There were also had houses of correction which emphasized the importance of hard work at disagreeable tasks. The 1779 Penitentiary Act found that prisoners should be housed in secure and sanitary facilities and that those facilities need to meet a specific set of standards. These standards begin with having fees for basic needs and services, should be abolished, the discipline should follow the reformatory regime. It also states that the facilities should be built for solitary confinement and operated based on silent contemplation and
The usual death penalty was hanging during the early times in the United States. In the 19th century the first and second-degree murder are differentiated, with the death penalty increasingly reserved for first-degree, the executions were eventually moved from public locations to jails or prisons to avoid disorder caused by the public spectacle. Rather than automatically imposing a death sentence for first-degree murder it was made an option that was decided on by a jury. Statistics of the Death Penalty Information Center shows that through October 21, 2011 more than 1,200 executions took place in the United States since 1976. Texas, Virginia, and Oklahoma account for 54% of those executions and of that 56% were white, 35% were black, 7% were Hispanic, and 2% were of another race/ethnicity. More than 80 percent of the executions occurred in the South and less than one percent have taken place in the