cultural influences on leadership
Cultural Influences on Leadership
What is leadership?
What is Cross-Cultural Leadership?
Related Theories
1. Implicit Leadership Theory
2. Hofstede’s cultural dimensions
3. GLOBE
4. Leadership Styles Accross Cultures
Paternalistic Leadership
Transformational & Transactional Leadership
What is “national culture”?
Analysis of Hofstede 's cultural dimensions theory
Hofstede 's cultural dimensions theory is a framework for cross-cultural communication, developed by Geert Hofstede. It describes the effects of a society 's culture on the values of its members, and how these values relate to behavior, using a structure derived from factor analysis.
Hofstede developed his original model as a result of using factor analysis to examine the results of a world-wide survey of employee values by IBM in the 1960s and 1970s.
The theory was one of the first that could be quantified, and could be used to explain observed differences between cultures.
The theory proposed six dimensions:
1. Power distance index
2. Individualism vs. collectivism
3. Uncertainty avoidance index
4. Masculinity vs. femininity
5. Long-term orientation vs. short term orientation
6. Indulgence vs. restraint
Power distance index (PDI)
Power distance is the extent to which the less powerful members of organizations and institutions (like the family) accept and expect that power is distributed unequally.
Power distance index shows very high scores for Latin and Asian countries, African areas and the Arab world. On the other hand Anglo and Germanic countries have a lower power distance (only 11 for Austria and 18 for Denmark).
For example, the United States has a 40 on the cultural scale of Hofstede 's analysis. Compared to Guatemala where the power distance is very high (95) and Israel where it is very low (13), the United States is in the middle.In Europe, power distance tends to be lower in northern countries and higher in southern and eastern parts: for example, 68
What is leadership?
What is Cross-Cultural Leadership?
Related Theories
1. Implicit Leadership Theory
2. Hofstede’s cultural dimensions
3. GLOBE
4. Leadership Styles Accross Cultures
Paternalistic Leadership
Transformational & Transactional Leadership
What is “national culture”?
Analysis of Hofstede 's cultural dimensions theory
Hofstede 's cultural dimensions theory is a framework for cross-cultural communication, developed by Geert Hofstede. It describes the effects of a society 's culture on the values of its members, and how these values relate to behavior, using a structure derived from factor analysis.
Hofstede developed his original model as a result of using factor analysis to examine the results of a world-wide survey of employee values by IBM in the 1960s and 1970s.
The theory was one of the first that could be quantified, and could be used to explain observed differences between cultures.
The theory proposed six dimensions:
1. Power distance index
2. Individualism vs. collectivism
3. Uncertainty avoidance index
4. Masculinity vs. femininity
5. Long-term orientation vs. short term orientation
6. Indulgence vs. restraint
Power distance index (PDI)
Power distance is the extent to which the less powerful members of organizations and institutions (like the family) accept and expect that power is distributed unequally.
Power distance index shows very high scores for Latin and Asian countries, African areas and the Arab world. On the other hand Anglo and Germanic countries have a lower power distance (only 11 for Austria and 18 for Denmark).
For example, the United States has a 40 on the cultural scale of Hofstede 's analysis. Compared to Guatemala where the power distance is very high (95) and Israel where it is very low (13), the United States is in the middle.In Europe, power distance tends to be lower in northern countries and higher in southern and eastern parts: for example, 68