Cypher's Economic Philosophy

James Cypher exemplifies in his textbook The Process of Economic Development that the gross national income per capita, gross domestic product per capita, human development index, gender inequality index, and Kuznet’s Curve are methods of describing the inequality and poverty of a country. Each method catalogued by Cypher has strengths and weaknesses exhumed in the discussion, and each also applies to the articles from Moon and Dixon and Alesina and Rodrick. The article by Alesina and Rodrick emanates that economic growth parallels inequality while the article from Moon and Dixon is unfirmed, but does aim towards promotion of the welfare-centric theorists. Cypher begins chapter two with a contest between GNI (Gross National Income) and GDP
According to Cypher’s literature, the HDI is the data figure from 0-1 that exudes what an economy has accomplished. Cypher asserts that the HDI creates an addendum to GNI per capita through the labels primary education, social security, and healthcare. Earlier in chapter two, Cypher manufactured a catalogue of development indicators before dissecting the economic per capita averages of GNI and GDP. Prior to the HDI definition, Cypher projected that GNI and GDP do not build the statistic with the household outputs. Cypher emanated on page 57 that the HDI catalogues transactions of the household outputs he elicited prior, which is a substantive strength of HDI. A possible strength of the HDI is its comradery to the GNI. The chunk of chapter two incorporating the HDI seems to delineate that the HDI projects what is purchased with the money available for investment, which was the strength of the GNI measure. The HDI exemplifies the country’s accrual of money in the pockets of income, education, and life expectancy (i.e. health care). However, Cypher does indicate that the HDI has two weaknesses on pages 62-63. The first weakness Cypher asserts is the scattering of income, education, and health care in pertinence to socioeconomic strata. Cypher then discussed that this weakness was the causal variable for the Inequality-Adjusted Human
Page 61 of the textbook emanates that the Gender Inequality Index is almost like a gender specific HDI. The GII asserts what women and men have built up from the segments of the HDI equation (i.e. social security, education, etc…). Basically, the GII seems to be how women and men have both solved the HDI equation with the average GNI per capita. The GII states a statistical integer that is backwards in comparison to the HDI. The ascension of the GII integer is asserted as higher nonattainment while the ascension of the HDI is asserted as societally fortuitous. According to the text, the GII was gender division of the HDI and the Multidimensional poverty index was a poverty fabrication of the HDI. Cypher indicated earlier in chapter two that the HDI narrowly focused on life expectancy, social security, and education aside from income per capita. The HDI washed away the poverty and gender calculations in the HDI statistic, and the gender inequality index as well as the multidimensional poverty index were fabricated to define the HDI with more segments and respond to the weaknesses