Student Damien Compo
1). Descartes was the first recognized philosopher in recent times to attempt to question everything that could rationally be doubted. Cogito or Cogito ergo sum, is the Latin translation for Descartes famous claim ‘I think therefore I am.’ This is a pivotal part of the argument for existence that he gives in the Meditations. It is the first thing he says we can know for definite after doubting the existence of everything else. He says we must doubt everything because there is a chance that we are all being deceived by an evil demon so everything we believe to be true could just be an illusion. The Matrix is an interesting movie because it exemplifies the very basic questions of philosophy. The existence of human beings, the reality of the world we live in, and the questions of the human and mind as one logically operating in reality.
1B). Derrida had a major influence on literary critics, particularly in American universities and especially on those of the "Yale school," including Paul de Man, Geoffrey Hartman, and J. Hillis Miller. These deconstructionists, along with Derrida, dominated the field of literary criticism in the 1970s and early 1980s. Influential in other fields as well, the philosophy and methodology of deconstruction was subsequently expanded to apply to a variety of arts and social sciences including such disciplines as linguistics, anthropology, and political science. contended that Western metaphysics (e.g., the work of Saussure, whose theories he rejected) had judged writing to be inferior to speech, not comprehending that the features of writing that supposedly render it inferior to speech are actually essential features of both. He argued that language only refers to other language, thereby negating the idea of a single, valid "meaning" of a text as intended by the author. Rather, the author's intentions subverted by the free play of language, giving rise