good social work practice in child protection has always involved putting the child first, has long been at the heart of the social work ethos. The British Association of Social Workers states that social work is committed to the five rudimentary standards of human dignity and worth, social justice, service to humanity, integrity, and competence (BASW 2002). Personalisation means thinking about public services and social care in an entirely different way – starting with the child rather than the service.
Although this shift will take time, it will ultimately mean change at every level throughout the whole local authority system to ensure that universal services are accessible. This means that commissioning must change to be more strategic and open, with a focus on the local community, its resources and the people who use services. In social care, organisational and structural change will need to take place so that people, rather than systems and procedures, come first. Also before recruiting a social worker, it needs to be safe recruitment, which would go through a process of selection, screening procedures that include checks into the suitability of all staff including volunteers. As they have a very close working relation with children and families, commissions within organisations take the view of obtaining a DBS check as a legal entitlement when working with children. Correspondingly, a complaint procedure about improper or abusive behaviour towards the child may be voiced. Also a social worker will need to have training on how to complete a risk assessment and see to a plan of
action. The assessment of risk and its subsequent management should be seen as something that is normal and it is part of good practise for a social worker; also a consideration of the need for a specific assessment of risk should be a part of the overall assessment of any situation. The social worker should take a balanced view of the situation and the use of knowledge, values and skills and tools such as risk assessment tools, to collate and analyse all information including any that relate to the past or present circumstances and behaviours. (Moore, 1996; Andrews, 2007; Bandura, 2007).
Risk assessment and management also presents key dilemmas and challenges for social worker which in turn changes how they do their job. Abuse and neglect rarely present with a clear picture, it is often the totality of information, the overall pattern of the child’s story that raised suspicions of possible abuse or neglect. There are various reasons why social workers have to use skills and knowledge of their own but also involve the legal department of social services to clarify if thresholds for care proceedings have been met. Intervention of the social worker in aspects of risk whether they are intervening too soon, it could lead to consequences involving the child being exploited by abuse and the adult becoming frustrated if no abuse has actually been met by the certain adult. Intervening too late may lead to death inflicted on the child, for example, Victoria Climbié’s death. A public inquiry was ordered and it was discovered Climbié could have been saved at many instances but the organisations which was involved in her care were badly run. The key policy that flowed from this case was Every Child Matters (DfES, 2003) and the subsequent Children Act (2004) made further structural changes in the way in which children in the UK were to be safeguarded. When dealing with cases such as this, social workers who work closely with children