BACKGROUND & HISTORICAL TRENDS
Electricity in India
Unlike other technological developments in the West, which were introduced in India after a time lag, electricity was introduced in India in the form of galvanic electricity (both electro chemical and electro magnetic) through telegraphy. The first experimental line was set up in Kolkata in 1839 at the Botanical Gardens along the river Hooghly.
Electricity in the form of lighting arrived 35 years later with the former princely state of Bikaner introducing electricity in the subcontinent. In 1886 Jamsetji Tata installed a dynamo driven power plant in his residence, which was later extended to the adjacent Gymkhana Chambers ten years later. When the Taj Mahal Hotel was built in 1903, it was equipped with a modern power generator.
The Government of India invited Crompton to help in the preparation of an Electric Lighting Act in 1896. Subsequently, the Indian Electric Company Ltd. was registered in London in January 1897, which changed its name to become the Calcutta Electric Supply Corporation (CESC). A CESC power station started its operation on April 17, 1899.
The first major hydroelectric project (4.5 MW) in India was on the Cauvery river at Sivasamudram, commissioned by the Maharaja of Mysore in 1899. It commenced power supplies to the Kolar Gold Mines in 1902. The capacity was increased to 42
MW in stages by 1927.
In 1903, the Madras Electric Supply Corporation of India Ltd. installed a power plant and subsequently set up power plants in different cities including Karachi, Kanpur, Allahabad, Nagpur, Rangoon and Tibet.
The Tata Hydroelectric Power Supply Co. was registered on November 7, 1910 and the license obtained by the syndicate for power generation was transferred to the Company. The country’s largest hydropower station was commissioned in 1911 with a 32 MW capacity which transmitted power to Bombay on a 110 kV transmission line. To