The leaders of a dog pack are called the “alpha” male and the “alpha” female. They are usually the largest and strongest dogs in the pack, but packs may be as different from each other as individual dogs are different. A typical pack has an alpha male and an alpha female at the top, a lesser male and female in the middle called “beta” dogs, and less powerful dogs and pups at the bottom of the pack. (Alpha and beta are the letters A and B in the Greek alphabet.) Every member of a pack has a place or rank. Some wolves are higher and some are lower. This “dominance order” helps prevent fighting within the pack. When two dog in a pack have an argument, they may stick their ears and tails straight up, bare their teeth, and snarl at each other. Both dogs look fierce and ready to tear each other apart. But most times a dog of a lower rank will give up before a fight starts with a dog of a higher rank. To show that it has given up, the submissive dog will lower its position or roll over on its back, flattening its ears and putting its tail between its legs. This behavior seems to prevent the dominant dog from biting, so fights between pack members are usually settled without serious
The leaders of a dog pack are called the “alpha” male and the “alpha” female. They are usually the largest and strongest dogs in the pack, but packs may be as different from each other as individual dogs are different. A typical pack has an alpha male and an alpha female at the top, a lesser male and female in the middle called “beta” dogs, and less powerful dogs and pups at the bottom of the pack. (Alpha and beta are the letters A and B in the Greek alphabet.) Every member of a pack has a place or rank. Some wolves are higher and some are lower. This “dominance order” helps prevent fighting within the pack. When two dog in a pack have an argument, they may stick their ears and tails straight up, bare their teeth, and snarl at each other. Both dogs look fierce and ready to tear each other apart. But most times a dog of a lower rank will give up before a fight starts with a dog of a higher rank. To show that it has given up, the submissive dog will lower its position or roll over on its back, flattening its ears and putting its tail between its legs. This behavior seems to prevent the dominant dog from biting, so fights between pack members are usually settled without serious