Exam 3 Study Guide
Mgmt Study Guide Exam 3
Chapter 9 * Acquired needs theory: motivation theory that focuses on learned needs-such as those for achievement, power and affiliation- that becomes enduring tendencies * Content theory: a motivation theory that focuses on what needs a person is trying to satisfy and on what features of the work environment seem to satisfy those needs * Equity theory: a motivation theory proposing that individuals will compare their circumstances t those of others and that such comparisons may motivate certain kinds of behavior * Expectancy theory: a motivation theory that focuses on the thought processes people use when choosing among alternative courses of action with their anticipated consequences * Extinction: the absence of positive consequences for behavior, lessening the likelihood of that behavior in the future * Goal-setting theory: a belief proposing that human action is directed by conscious goals and intentions * In-group: the group to which an individuals belongs * Job characteristics model: an approach that focuses on the motivational attributes of jobs by emphasizing three sets of variables: core job characteristics, critical psychological states and outcomes * Job enrichment: increasing the complexity of a jb to provide a greater sense of responsibility, accomplishment and achievement * Maslow’s need hierarchy theory: a set of beliefs proposing that people will first attempt to fulfill basic needs, such as physiological and safety needs, before making efforts to satisfy higher-order needs, such as social and esteem needs * Motivation: a set of forces that energize, direct and sustain behavior * Negative reinforcement: an undesirable consequences that, by being removed or avoided following a behavior, increases the likelihood of that behavior being repeated in the future * Positive reinforcement: a desirable consequence that, by occurring or being supplied following a behavior, in
Chapter 9 * Acquired needs theory: motivation theory that focuses on learned needs-such as those for achievement, power and affiliation- that becomes enduring tendencies * Content theory: a motivation theory that focuses on what needs a person is trying to satisfy and on what features of the work environment seem to satisfy those needs * Equity theory: a motivation theory proposing that individuals will compare their circumstances t those of others and that such comparisons may motivate certain kinds of behavior * Expectancy theory: a motivation theory that focuses on the thought processes people use when choosing among alternative courses of action with their anticipated consequences * Extinction: the absence of positive consequences for behavior, lessening the likelihood of that behavior in the future * Goal-setting theory: a belief proposing that human action is directed by conscious goals and intentions * In-group: the group to which an individuals belongs * Job characteristics model: an approach that focuses on the motivational attributes of jobs by emphasizing three sets of variables: core job characteristics, critical psychological states and outcomes * Job enrichment: increasing the complexity of a jb to provide a greater sense of responsibility, accomplishment and achievement * Maslow’s need hierarchy theory: a set of beliefs proposing that people will first attempt to fulfill basic needs, such as physiological and safety needs, before making efforts to satisfy higher-order needs, such as social and esteem needs * Motivation: a set of forces that energize, direct and sustain behavior * Negative reinforcement: an undesirable consequences that, by being removed or avoided following a behavior, increases the likelihood of that behavior being repeated in the future * Positive reinforcement: a desirable consequence that, by occurring or being supplied following a behavior, in