Four Forces Evolution
Evolution is simply the process of organisms developing and diversifying from a previous earlier form during the history of the earth. The four forces evolution, what is believed to push evolution to go forward, are mutation, natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow. Let's start with mutation. A mutation, occurring during the process of mitosis or meiosis, is a change in genetic code or chromosome. This can affect how one physically looks, behave, and think. Mutations are random. Most are harmless but they can be neutral or harmful to organisms. They can be an advantage when it is seen as a strength or useful in a certain environment. They can be seen as neutral when the mutation produces the same amino acid and not affect anything.
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Why is a frameshift mutation far more likely to lead to a defective protein compared with a point mutation? Like I describe before, point mutations is only a change in one base pair and there are point mutations that create the same amino acid. This overall does not create a huge drastic change in the organism compared to frameshift mutations because point mutations change only one amino acid. Frameshift mutations cause an insertion or deletion of base pairs. This changes how the frame is translated because not one base pair is changed, all of the base pairs have been changed and thus changes the amino acids sequence. This creates a greater chance of a defective protein due to the translation process incorrectly translating the protein.
D. Explain how the founders effect can lead to a descendant population that differs greatly from its parent population over a relatively short period of time? The founder's effect occurs when a small group from a particular population migrates to a new region and establishes a whole new population. This new population has no interbreeding action with the parent group but with different groups. This leads to a different allele frequency and speciation. The new population has different genotype and phenotype from the parent
Why is a frameshift mutation far more likely to lead to a defective protein compared with a point mutation? Like I describe before, point mutations is only a change in one base pair and there are point mutations that create the same amino acid. This overall does not create a huge drastic change in the organism compared to frameshift mutations because point mutations change only one amino acid. Frameshift mutations cause an insertion or deletion of base pairs. This changes how the frame is translated because not one base pair is changed, all of the base pairs have been changed and thus changes the amino acids sequence. This creates a greater chance of a defective protein due to the translation process incorrectly translating the protein.
D. Explain how the founders effect can lead to a descendant population that differs greatly from its parent population over a relatively short period of time? The founder's effect occurs when a small group from a particular population migrates to a new region and establishes a whole new population. This new population has no interbreeding action with the parent group but with different groups. This leads to a different allele frequency and speciation. The new population has different genotype and phenotype from the parent