Preview

Freedom of Expression a Comparative Analysi

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
8916 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Freedom of Expression a Comparative Analysi
232 Ecquid Novi ISSN 0256-0054 2002 23(2):232-253

Ecquid Novi

Mandla Seleoane

Freedom of expression: a comparative analysis
Abstract
This article focuses on a comparative analysis on freedom of expression between South Africa, Malawi, Zambia, Algeria, China, Japan, Switzerland, Germany, Russia, Canada and the USA. It discusses the meaning of the right to free expression and the intersection between freedom of expression and other fundamental rights. It also explores the possibility to limit the parameters of freedom of expression and argues that such possibility is already foregrounded in the constitution. The emerging jurisprudence on freedom of expression in South Africa does not support the thesis that there is a need for a South African approach to freedom of expression. Hierdie artikel vergelyk vryheid van spraak in Suid-Afrika, Malawi, Zambië, Algerië, China, Japan, Switserland, Duitsland, Rusland, Kanada en die VSA. Die betekenis van vryheid van spraak en die interaksie tussen vryheid van spraak en ander fundamentele regte kom aan die orde. Dit ondersoek ook die moontlikheid om vryheid van spraak in te perk, en gaan van die standpunt uit dat hierdie moontlikheid reeds in die Grondwet gestel word. Die ontluikende tendens in Suid-Afrika ondersteun egter nie die aanname dat daar ‘n behoefte is aan ‘n Suid-Afrikaanse benadering tot vryheid van spraak nie. Key words: balancing rights, constitution, freedom of expression, jurisprudence, limitation, self-regulation.

*

Mandla Seleoane [mlcseleoane@hsrc.ac.za] is a research specialist with the Human Sciences Research Council (Governance and Democracy), Private Bag x41 Pretoria, Tel. +27-12 3022325, Fax +27-12 3022216. This article is based on a presentation made at a South African National Editors’ Forum (Sanef), the South African Human Rights Commission (SAHRC) and the African Chapter of the African Renaissance (AR) conference.

Seleoane: Freedom of expression

233

Defining freedom of



References: Bracken, H.M. 1994. Freedom of Speech: Words are not Deeds. Praeger. Brown v Louisiana 383 U.S. 131 (1966). Cobbah, J.A.M. 1987. African Values and the Human Rights Debate: an African Perspective. Human Rights Quarterly, 9(3). Cox v State of New Hampshire, 312 U.S. 569 (1941). Derham, D.P., ed. 1964. A Textbook of Jurisprudence. Oxford University Press. Flew, A. 1979. A Dictionary of Philosophy. Pan Books. Greenawalt, K. 1995. Fighting Words: Individuals, Communities, and Liberties of Speech. Princeton University Press. Hague v Committee for Industrial Organization 307 U.S. 469 (1939). Hague v Committee for Industrial Organization 307 U.S. 469 (1939). Marx, K. 1975. On the Jewish Question. Collected Works, 3, International Publishers. Motala, Z. 1996. The Constitutional Court’s approach to international law and its method of interpretation in the ‘Amnesty decision’: Intellectual honesty or political expediency? South African Yearbook of International Law, 21. Pashukanis, E.B. 1978. Law and Marxism. Ink Links. Tigar, M.E. & Levy, M.R. 1977. The Law and the Rise of Capitalism, Monthly Review Press. United States v Cruikshank 92 U.S. 542 (1876). Urmson, J.O., ed. 1975. The Concise Encyclopedia of Western Philosophy and Philosophers, Hutchinson Group. Van der Westhuizen J. 1994. ‘Freedom of Expression’. In: Van Wyk, D., et al. 1994, Rights and Constitutionalism: the New South African Legal Order, Juta.

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    1988 was a great year for Larry Flynt, the publisher of a highly criticized magazine called, “Hustler.” This magazine was unlike any of its predictors, such as Playboy. While sexuality was on the rise, so were “new” ways to do it. Hustlers’ publisher, Larry Flynt was merely exposing what people were already doing. This does not mean that everyone had the same sexual desires as everyone else, but he did become popularized by certain “hardcore” sexually active persons. While he became a hero amongst some, there seems to have been more against what Flynt was doing. It has been documented that even some of his staff did not agree, saying that he was making men out to be rapists, and making comparisons to men being like “stud bulls,” wanting to have sex with “everything in sight.”…

    • 669 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Freedom and individualism are a significant component of contemporary society, however there are many parts of the world where these basic human rights are not granted.…

    • 1336 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    (Social Studies Alive, 2003). In conclusion, this shows the freedom of speech and that it protects your freedom to speak against the government and is even used in…

    • 787 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Bibliography: ‘Other Rights and proceeding, Section 12 – Freedom of expression’. Human Rights Act 1998. 1998. [Online]. Available from:…

    • 4796 Words
    • 20 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    In Derek Bok’s article, “Protecting Freedom of Expression on the Campus”, Bok writes about what has been a long-lasting controversial issue in the United States: freedom of speech and expression. The author claims that though the acts are “insensitive and unwise,” they are permitted, and lawfully so. Acts of expression are committed on a day-to-day basis and in a broad aspect of environments; some are offensive while others are not. Who decides what is offensive and what is appropriate? This is one of the dilemmas that the Supreme Court has had to consider, since what might offend one person might in turn be acceptable to another.…

    • 525 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Kouakou Koffi Professor Sharifian GOVT 2305 07 October 2017 Civil Liberties vs Civil Rights “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.” This passage drawn from the Declaration of the United States Independence encompasses two notions, which at first glance look like the same, the Civil Liberties and the Civil Rights also known as Equal Rights. The laws enacted from these rights, even after all the efforts provided to make them fit to U.S. citizen’s live, are still subject of conflict when it comes to apply them. In this reflection, after an attempt of definition of each term, similarities and differences of both of them will be subject of analysis on one hands and on the other hands which sequence of them impact the most our everyday life.…

    • 530 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    In higher education, public universities/colleges in the United States of America must respect students’ civil rights. These rights are stated under the United States Constitution, one entitlement is the First Amendment. The First Amendment protects the freedom of speech. Every student in an institution has the right to the freedom of speech. One free speech topic is the freedom in student press/ publication. Freedom in student press/publication is a speech is protected under the First Amendment. The student has the right to his or her own opinion. When these rights are violated, the student can file suit against the college and/or university.…

    • 1007 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    7933). This example alone; emphasizes, that speech itself can result in harm. Society has a moral obligation to intervene to restrict free speech and provide protection from such reprehensible intolerance's being perpetrated (Jacobson, 2000); for this reason, individuals must forfeit negative liberties for progression in a free society (Berlin, 1958, p. 29). Berlin (1958) raises a key question, about who should impede our liberty (p. 2), this is the flip side of the complex argument of free speech, to have positive liberties implemented, requires trust in the governments and politicians we elect. Mill (1859) supports a cautious approach to the power rendered to a government or overriding power (p.…

    • 1571 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    The American people tend to love a rebel. We have been raised on the tales of Luke Skywalker defeating the tyrannical Empire, hallowed stories of Katniss Everdeen committing war crimes, or too-mad-to-play-Mad Max Mel Gibson leading the Scots against a sociopath called Longshanks. Privileged people such as myself are rarely in the position to be forced to fight against the power. While it is difficult to put myself in the mindset of someone who would deem it necessary, I am aware of some injustices that I would rebel for: democracy, freedom of speech, and freedom of religion.…

    • 874 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The balance between freedom of expression and protection of other rights can be seen when looking at a number of highly contentious examples in Australian society.…

    • 728 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Best Essays

    Freedom and the fight for rights has sparked many events sometimes violent in France’s past and present history. Freedom affects the whole of France including Corsica especially those living in densely populated areas. Freedom is part of Human rights, however, countries all over the world decided different levels of freedom of speech and when it crosses to hate speech. What is the history of France that has attributed to France’s freedom of Speech. What is Australia’s attitude to Freedom of…

    • 1111 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Freedom of Speech

    • 378 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Should Ice Cube Chill? This question was brought up by a very powerful American journalist Jon Pareles which is chief over popular-music critics at The New York Times. Freedom of speech was billed in 1791. Ice Cube has the right to speak his mind about our society. Cultures need to learn more about how the world use to be and the difference now. Cubes music comes off "with racism is ugly and simplistic because Ice cube solely focuses on bashing the racism he experiences; his vulgarly expressed ideas and thoughts make him look ugly and narrow minded." (Pareles, John. " Chapter 4: Should Ice Cube Voice Be Chilled? (2011). Should Ice Cube's Voice be Chilled? is a good story based on Ice Cube because it shows Honesty, Freedom of Speech, Loyalty.…

    • 378 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    I am not the most patriotic person, but I love America and there are multiple Americans older, more mature and more wise than I am who take their time in appreciating and supporting America and the people who fight for our freedom. The people who support our troops overseas are of course gonna support them when they come home and not leave them homeless or without healthcare; that would be absurd. Not only are they going to bolster and salute the white male soldiers, they are going to do the same for women soldiers, gay soldiers, black soldiers, and other ethnicities other than caucasian because discrimination doesn’t exist in America only freedom does. However, there are many hypocrites such as the NFL players who are disrespecting our troops…

    • 610 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    In the wake of the attack on the mocking magazine Charlie Hebdo in Paris that left 12 people dead, in revenge for its drawings of the Prophet Muhammad. Charlie Hebdo’s newest illustration of the prophet Muhammad was the main reason why the people attacked Charlie Hebdo. In the past the magazine issued a series where it showed Muhammad being beheaded by a member of the Islamic State. In the midst of the uproar this tragedy has provoked debate around the world about if and when there are limits. Many around the world strongly support the magazine's right to publish the cartoons; however many people also felt that the magazine was over using freedom of speech to attack a specific group of religion. Freedom of speech is a frequently debated issue because it’s hard to choose what can or cannot be expressed. Many included my self believe that we as humans have the right to our own opinion and the means by which to express it. However, there are some supporters that push for restrictions on negative speech, such as violent or racist remarks. Whether one likes what someone is saying or not, we should still protect those speeches under the freedom of speech law.…

    • 1049 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Some people say that the term freedom of speech is a free country, what does it means? Therefore, the forefathers of America made these laws and why? What is the freedom of speech? it’s the first law of American, to forbid any law with religion. Reasons why freedom exists? So, anybody is free to say about our opinions, can freely discuss, but not to offend others, so anne will not go to jail for saying selfishly about the government. What happens if we never had the law? Then we don’t have the right to express, anyone won’t have the right to vote, then you can’t share your opinions with others if maybe might be in trouble with the government for saying something about them. Therefore, the forefathers of America made these laws. Now you wouldn’t…

    • 151 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays