The common cold is the most common human disease globally affected both men and women. Not to mention that in the Philippines there were clinical studies and evidences that number of incidences was increasing not just in big cities but also in rural and far flung areas. In such, as student researcher I would like to personally identify my own basic home remedy just to alleviate crisis brought by this most common diseases- COUGH AND COLDS. Adults typically have two to five infections annually and children may have six to ten colds a year (and up to twelve colds a year for school children). Rates of symptomatic infections increase in the elderly due to a worsening immune system. In this paper I would like to review the signs and symptoms, causes, pathophysiology, diagnosis, prevention, management for cough and cold.
Signs and symptoms
The typical symptoms of a cold include cough, runny nose, nasal congestion and a sore throat, sometimes accompanied by muscle ache, fatigue, headache, and loss of appetite. A sore throat is present in about 40% of the cases and a cough in about 50%, while muscle ache occurs in about half. In adults, a fever is generally not present but it is common in infants and young children.
The cough is usually mild compared to that accompanying influenza. While a cough and a fever indicate a higher likelihood of influenza in adults, a great deal of similarity exists between these two conditions. A number of the viruses that cause the common cold may also result in asymptomatic infections. The color of the sputum or nasal secretion may vary from clear to yellow to green and does not predict the class of agent causing the infection.
Causes of cough and cold:
Viruses
The common cold is a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract. The most commonly implicated virus is a rhinovirus (30–80%), a type of picornavirus with 99 known serotypes. Others