How Are Chimpanzees Similar

Chimpanzees and human DNA is really similar. Chimpanzees only differ from us in about 2% of their genetic material. After discovering that chimpanzees are only different from us by around 2%, they were reclassified. Today, humans and chimps are both classified as hominids because we have a close evolutionary relationship and a lot of similarities. For example, the majority of our genetic codes are shared with chimps. Humans and our immediate extinct relatives are also classified as hominids (Lone Survivors).

2. What is human accelerated region 1?

The human accelerated region 1 is a group of 118 bases that is found in different animals, but humans have accumulated eighteen further mutations. This DNA sequence is important to build the structure
If the DNA sequences match then that means they are related somehow. For example, the L0 haplogroup can be found in southern and eastern Africa. MtDNA is inherited as a gene and each gene has its own history that combines back to ancestral genes.

6. Look at the map. How many tens of thousands of years ago did we migrate out of Africa? To Asia? To Americas?
We migrated out of Africa 150 thousands of years ago. We migrated to Asia 50 thousands of years ago and we migrated to Americas 15 thousands of years ago.

7. How can sexual or cultural selection have caused different racial features?
An example of sexual or cultural selection and how it caused different racial features can be eye color. In northern Europe it is common to see someone with blue eye color. Light pigmented eyes can be disadvantageous when there is strong sunlight, but in Europe the unusual nature of the light color might had let it to being favored as attractive. Since they saw this as attractive then they mated with people with that eye color which then caused that type of eye color to multiply and be more common. This shows how sexual or cultural selection caused the blue eye color to be a common racial feature in Europe.

8. What about natural selection? (Remember the rules from chapter
Human variations can happen because of natural selection (class lecture 4). We adapt to the environment we live on. An example of natural selection is skin color. For example, South Africa is considered a high UV region and therefore, people who live there must have skin that will allow them to receive sunlight to get vitamin D but also skin that protects them against the excess of UV. When lightly pigmented people of European origin move to high UV regions they are in danger of getting skin cancer because their skin is not used to such environment. People who were born in South Africa adapted to the UV and have a skin that protects them from the UV which helps them avoid skin cancer. South African people have a darker pigmentation which has become a racial feature. In reality the dark pigmentation is natural selection because it is an adaptation that has helped them