How Does Exercise Affect The Body

How exercise affects certain aspects of the body
During exercise our body needs more oxygen and blood to keep the muscles activated. To grant this the heart pumps higher frequency of blood increasing the heart rate. Heart pumps blood through arteries faster resulting in a high blood pressure. Exercise increases the stroke volume (the amount of blood pumped in one beat), so an increase in stroke volume means that the heart can pump enough blood to the body with fewer beats per minute. Even after the exercise the heart rate will remain high for some time.
The dilation of the active muscles increases the area for blood flows causing them to alter their internal diameter, increasing the heart rate. Due to the increase in blood flow during exercise increases the blood pressure, the amount of pressure inside the arteries. Blood pressure increases according to the exercise intensity. Increased heart rate, increase myocardial contraction force, dilates coronary blood vessels, constrict pulmonary blood vessels, constricts blood vessels in abdomen, muscle, skin kidneys, increased sympathetic activity.

Exercising muscles need extra oxygen, which is supplied to them by breathing faster and more
Higher frequency of oxygen transfers across the respiratory membrane into the blood each minute. Oxymyoglobin is another way for muscles to store extra oxygen. Oxymyoglobin is a respiratory protein found in skeleton muscles and combines very readily with oxygen. During exercise the ventilation rate also increases (the total volume of air take into the lungs). More gas exchange takes place in the lungs as the oxygen will diffuse more through the capillaries in to the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses into the alveoli from the blood and breathed out more readily. During harder exercises a person cannot obtain sufficient oxygen to meet the energy requirement by aerobic respiration alone, therefore they generate ATP