How Fair Is Fair Research Paper

Let’s be Fair Out of proportional, regressive, progressive, lump-sum tax systems; to me, I feel like the proportional tax system is the best type. I am sure a lot of people would argue and say that it is not the best. They probably think that they are right in their mind, and that is okay. Proportional tax, is “a tax for which high-income and low-income taxpayers pay the same fraction of income.” The reason why I think proportional tax is the best, because fair is fair. The current tax system that the United States of American uses is progressive. Progressive tax is “a tax for which high-income taxpayers pay a larger fraction of their income than do low-income taxpayers” (Mankiw). The high in-come taxpayers pay more in total taxes and they pay a higher rate of taxes.
Some examples from an outside source that I found include the 2012 standard deduction: “$5,950 for single filers, $11,900 for married joint filers, $5,950 for married taxpayers filing separately, and $8,700 for head of household filers.” More types of standard deduction for people over the age of 65 include: “$1,450 for single or head of household filers, and $1,150 for married filers.” This website stated that, “the standard deduction can be claimed on IRS Tax Form 1040, IRS Tax Form 1040A, or IRS Tax Form 1040E7.” Above-the-Line Deductions include: “student loan interest, business mileage, job-related moving expenses, alimony, contributions to qualified retirement accounts, early withdrawal penalties for CDs and saving accounts, qualified tuition and fees” (Types of Tax Deductions). Yes, I do believe these are all fair deductions, as long as they are used