Renaissance music is European music written during the Renaissance. Defining the beginning of the musical era is difficult, given that its defining characteristics were adopted only gradually; musicologists have placed its beginnings from as early as 1300 to as late as the 1470s.
Literally meaning ‘rebirth’, the Renaissance was a revival of the arts and high culture under the influence of classical models, which began in Italy in the 14th century, and spread throughout Europe by the end of the 16th Century. Developments in music included an increased respect for the rhythm and the sense of the words in text-setting, as exemplified by the adoption of a new type of madrigal composition in the 1520’s and at the end of the 16th century, the invention of opera.
Medieval music was mainly sung and controlled by Monks. They were more of a gloomy, monotonousness sound that centered and pretty much all of it was about religion.
Renaissance music was lighter, more cheerful and had much more tones to it. Mainly brass and percussion seeing as the harpsichord and piano had yet to be made and strings were rare. They had, like the Medieval era, more voices.
Baroque music was grand and ordinate like the art and architecture. This one had strings, more of a balance between sounds and voices, and the subject unlike the last two derived from more than religion. I think the piano was made either just a little before or (most likely after, wherever the Classical era is that is when it was made) after. Though I think a harpsichord was around. I don't quite know for sure.