Hydraulic jump
Hydraulic Jump Experiment
SUMMARY
The Objective of this experiment is to observe the flow patterns and behaviour of the water before after the jump Also to quantify the energy lost due to a hydraulic jump. The observed and theoretical ratios of upstream and downstream depths will be compared, this will show the limitations to purely theoretical analysis.
The experiment showed that a hydraulic jump occurs when when liquid at high velocity discharges into a zone of lower velocity, a rather abrupt rise occurs in the liquid surface. The rapidly flowing liquid is abruptly slowed and increases in height.
The results clearly show the limitations of purely theoretical and purely experimental analysis due to the range of errors that have occurred in this experiment.
The Calculations show that energy is lost, due to heat and sound in the turbulence, increases as the Froude number increases, and also that the height of the jump is dependent on the change in length of the hydraulic jump.
The Experimental values compared to the theoretical are very different however. This is due to a number of errors. The largest source of error is in the measuring of the length of the jump and also the height.
CONTENTS
SUMMARY…………………………...……………..……1
TABLE OF CONTENTS………………………...…..2
1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background……………………………..………3 1.2 Objectives………………………………..……...3 1.3 Theory…………………………………………....4
2. EXPERIMENTAL ARRANGEMENT & APPROACH 2.1 Apparatus………………………………..............5 2.2 How The Experiment Was Carried Out…6
3. RESULTS AND ANAYSIS………………………7
4. DISCUSSION 4.1 Results Discussion……………………...……. 8 4.2 Experimental Error…………………………...11 4.3 What Could Be Improved………………......11
5. CONCLUSIONS…………………………………..…12
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
The Hydraulic jump phenomenon is a naturally occurring event that happens in open channel flows such as in a river. The hydraulic jump is the
SUMMARY
The Objective of this experiment is to observe the flow patterns and behaviour of the water before after the jump Also to quantify the energy lost due to a hydraulic jump. The observed and theoretical ratios of upstream and downstream depths will be compared, this will show the limitations to purely theoretical analysis.
The experiment showed that a hydraulic jump occurs when when liquid at high velocity discharges into a zone of lower velocity, a rather abrupt rise occurs in the liquid surface. The rapidly flowing liquid is abruptly slowed and increases in height.
The results clearly show the limitations of purely theoretical and purely experimental analysis due to the range of errors that have occurred in this experiment.
The Calculations show that energy is lost, due to heat and sound in the turbulence, increases as the Froude number increases, and also that the height of the jump is dependent on the change in length of the hydraulic jump.
The Experimental values compared to the theoretical are very different however. This is due to a number of errors. The largest source of error is in the measuring of the length of the jump and also the height.
CONTENTS
SUMMARY…………………………...……………..……1
TABLE OF CONTENTS………………………...…..2
1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background……………………………..………3 1.2 Objectives………………………………..……...3 1.3 Theory…………………………………………....4
2. EXPERIMENTAL ARRANGEMENT & APPROACH 2.1 Apparatus………………………………..............5 2.2 How The Experiment Was Carried Out…6
3. RESULTS AND ANAYSIS………………………7
4. DISCUSSION 4.1 Results Discussion……………………...……. 8 4.2 Experimental Error…………………………...11 4.3 What Could Be Improved………………......11
5. CONCLUSIONS…………………………………..…12
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
The Hydraulic jump phenomenon is a naturally occurring event that happens in open channel flows such as in a river. The hydraulic jump is the