(union)
During the American Civil War, the Union was the term used to refer to United States of America, and specifically to the national government and the 20 free states and five border slave states which supported it. The Union was opposed by 11 southern slave states that had declared a secession to join together to form the Confederacy. The Union is often referred to as "the North", both then and now, as opposed to "the South." The Union never recognized the legitimacy of secession and at all times held that it comprised the entire United States of America. Reverend G. Douglass Brewerton wrote the words to this song before the outbreak of war. When Southerners pushed for states’ rights, young Northerners responded with passion for preservation of the Union. When the first shots of the Civil War were fired, many Northerners joined the fight for the Union cause.
Union and Confederacy in the Civil War
Union and Confederacy Statistics
Union
Confederacy
Population:
22,300,000
9,100,000 (3.5 million slaves)
Factories:
110,000
18,000
Shipping (tonnage):
4,600,000
290,000
Workers:
1,300,000
110,000
Cotton Production:
43,000 bales
5,344,000 bales
Wheat and Corn Production:
698,000,000 bushels
314,000,000 bushels
The Union
The Union consisted of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, Illinois, Iowa, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Kansas, California, Nevada, and Oregon. Some historians count the four border states of Kentucky, Missouri, Delaware, and Maryland as Union states also. Border states were those that refused to give up the practice of slavery, but also refused to secede from the Union. The Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 specifically denied freedom to slaves in these border states, so that they would not be tempted to secede. In addition, the state of West Virginia essentially seceded from Virginia in 1863