The problem of insurgency is one of the most significant questions confronting modern states. As Giriraj Shah remarks “During the four decades after World War II, there have been more than a hundred insurgency movements of varying intensity in different parts of the world.”
The sufferings it brought to the humankind are uncountable, leading to poverty, hunger and frustration. Insurgency is in fact considered an incurable disease. It leaves hundreds of scars among the masses; and insurgents firmly lead the revolution as means of overthrowing the existing system of the country.
North Eastern states of India comprising eight states of India, sharing a long international boundary on different sides also is not an exclusion to this dreadful scenario. As much as 115 groups from various states of North East were listed as terrorist, insurgent and extremist outfits.
36 outfits were active in Assam while the state of Manipur alone is the victim of 39 active outfits. The state of Meghalaya witnessed the trauma of four active militant groups. Nagaland is the dwelling place of 3 militant groups while Tripura, Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh suffered the activities of 30, 2 and 1 militant groups respectively. The region of North East India is a habitat of multi - ethnic groups with each tribe and groups having a different way of life, but the common features they share together may easily be said as the problem of insurgency.
B.C. Bhuyan in his analysis about the North East India region truly states that
“The problem of insurgency is the greatest of the problems being experienced by the people since independence.”
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Conclusion
Insurgencies wage protracted conflicts not only because they want to impose a psychological toll on the counter-insurgency actors but also because they require time to find recruits, generate resources and establish base areas. It must be recognized that the aim of the insurgents is not to kill the counter-insurgency