Lab 8: Identification Of Hydrocarbons

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Orgo Chem Lab 8
Lab Eight: Identification of Hydrocarbons
Organic Chemistry 311

Abstract: Unknown hydrocarbon K was identified by using purification, determination of boiling point by using the capillary tube technique, the calculation of density and obtained refractive index value from the Abbe-3L refractometer. The density was not useful due to an error of the machine but the boiling point and refractive index were used to confirm that the unidentified hydrocarbon K was 2,2

Introduction
Thrush is a gasoline additive that is claimed to improve engine performance (Lehman,2009). Gasoline is derived from petroleum and must be refined to be used as
The refractive index obtained was 1,36521 and the expected was supposed to be 1.3688 since the experimental value was so close to that of the expected it was determined that the unknown was 2,2 dimethyl butane. The boiling point was also an indicator that the unknown hydrocarbon was 2,2 dimethyl butane because the experimental temperature average was 49 degrees centigrade which was exactly that of the temperature of 2,2 dimethyl butane. the density wa not a good indication for which hydrocarbon in table 8.2 because it was well over any of the hydrocarbons in the table. This suggested that there was great source of error when weighing the hydrocarbon. Indeed there was error but it was from the analytical balance which did not settle on a number but went down further and further because the hydrocarbon was extremely volatile. the octane of 2,2 dimethylbutane was determined to be 97 which is greater than 87 suggesting that the hydrocarbon is highly branched making it a hydrocarbon in thrust that will promote an anti-shocking which means it is proven to be good for the
You would correct the refractive index by : 1.3780+(0.00045*(78.2-20)) =1.40419 and the density calculation would be: 0.133/0.200=.665g/ml. The unknown hydrocarbon is not listed.
4. If the density is greater than water then it will remain on the surface of the water causing a problem with the aquatic animals trying to come up to the surface of the water. Will suffocate the water by not allowing for oxygen to be dissolved in the water making it hard for sea creatures to breath. It will possibly create the tar balls as what was said in lecture.
6. a) Dioxane has a boiling point of 101 degrees centigrade just like methylcyclohexane so another property such manipulation of solubility could separate the two from each other because boiling with evaporate both at the same time.