Module Title: Leading and Managing Programmes of Learning in Professional Education
Assignment Title:
Leading and managing change in clinical practice: A critical analysis and evaluation of policy implementation in blood transfusion practice in an acute setting.
Course: PG Diploma in Education
Word Count: 3,315
Submission Date:
The change in nurse education from apprenticeship training to the higher education setting has raised concerns about the lack of practical skills newly qualified nurses have on registration (NMC 2005). In blood transfusion practice for example, every practitioner must be competent to administer blood components safely however, the Serious Hazards of Transfusion (SHOT) scheme have consistently demonstrated that ‘wrong blood’ incidents are a major cause of morbidity and mortality related to transfusion in the United Kingdom. As a result the SHOT working group have recommended that all practitioners should have their clinical competency formally assessed.
Transfusion of blood and blood components remains essential for medical practice but is subject to a number of concerns. Its management involves a complex sequence of activities and, to ensure the right patient receives the right blood, there must be strict checking procedures in place at each stage. Several publications including the SHOT annual reports demonstrated that receiving the wrong blood was the commonest risk associated with blood transfusion (McClelland and Phillips, 1994; Ottewill, 2003; SHOT, 2005).
SHOT is a national, anonymous reporting scheme for the serious sequel of blood components. Since its launch in 1996, the SHOT report (2006) acknowledged that there have been a total 2717 incorrect blood component transfused (IBCT) incidents, resulting in 18 deaths and 91 cases of major morbidity, (Appendix1). Incorrect ordering, prescribing, and incorrect management of adverse reactions of transfusion have
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