Literature Review Internet

A Literature Review on: An Exploration of Internet Programming Technologies for Learning

Wayne State University CSC5750 Principles of Web Technology

Susan Genden

Susan Genden aw0809

Abstract This literature review offers a commentary on programming applications specifically in the area of emerging online technologies for learning. Included is a brief history on the growth of these instructional technologies. We explore four literature reviews that discuss intelligent tutors (used on a one-to-one basis and in a collaborative environment), and virtual reality environments. These publications show students working online successfully in a range of learning situations, where students become more active learners and exercise various choices in the process. Intelligent tutors can be designed to adapt to individual learning styles, and to other learner characteristics. Virtual reality environments offer unique immersive learning experiences. Programmers and researchers are working diligently to develop custom intelligent solutions to online learning needs. Evaluations presented show positive results to date. Obstacles still remain to development in terms of costs and other factors. Implementation and research continue.

Introduction Internet technologies are changing our lives and our educational systems (Sheybani, & Javidi, 2004). This literature review presents an overview of four articles on the development of technologies used in online computer based education. The articles reflect continuing change as technology advances become pervasive. Theories about learning environments, and programming and hardware capabilities continue to change. People want educational opportunities that provide flexibility in terms of access, time management, and control (Hooper, & Reinartz, 2002). Education online will indeed become even more accessible, more convenient, and there will be learning environments tailored to the learner’s choices (Jalobeanu, 2003). Educators

References: Ally, M. (2005) Intelligent tutoring systems for distributed learning. In Lin, F.O., (Ed.), Designing distributed learning environments with intelligent software agents, (pp. 162-183). London: Information Science Publishing. Butz, B. P., Duarte, M., & Miller, S. M. (2006) An intelligent tutoring system for circuit analysis, IEEE transactions on education, 49, (2) 216-223. Retrieved November 27, 2006 from http://ieeexplore.ieee.org. Harrer, A., McLaren, B. M., Walker, E., Bollen, L., & Sewall, J. (2005, July). Collaboration and cognitive tutoring: integration, empirical results, and future directions. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIED 2005), amster, the Neterlands. Retrieved December 5, 2006 from http://ctat.pact.cs.cmu.edu/. Hooper, S., & Reinartz, T. J. (2002). Educational multimedia. In R. A. Reiser, & J. V. Dempsey, (Eds.), Trends and issues in instructional design and technology (pp. 307-318). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc. Jalobeanu, M. (2003). The Internet in education: the past, the present and, hopefully, the future. In S. English, M. Jalobeanu, N. Nistor, N, & S. Wheeler (Eds.), Toward the virtual university: international online perspectives (pp. 23-35). CT: Information Age Publishing. LeFrancois, G. R. ((2006). Theories of human learning, 5e: what the old woman said. Belmont, CA: Thomson Wadsworth. Mantovani, F. (2003). VR learning: potential and challenges for the use of 3D environments in education and training. In Riva, G. & Galimberti, C. (Eds.), Towards cyberpsychology: mind, cognitions and society in the internet age, Amsterdam: IOS Press. Retrieved November 16, 2006 from http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/update/632457 (pp207-225). Ong, J., & Ramachandran, S. (2003). Intelligent tutoring systems – using AI to improve training performance and ROI. San Mateo, CA: Stottler Henke Associates, Inc. Retrieved December 5, 2006 from http://www.stottlerhenke.com. 13 Susan Genden aw0809 Piramuthu, S. (2005). Knowledge-based web-enabled agents and intelligent tutoring systems. IEEE transactions on education, 48, (4) 750-756. Retrieved November 27, 2006 from the URL: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org. Porter, L. R., (2005). Developing an online curriculum: technologies and techniques. Information Management, 18 (1/2), 15-16. Retrieved April 5, 2005 from the ProQuest database. Reiser, R.A. (2002). A history of instructional design and technology. In Reiser, R.A., & Dempsey, J. V. (Eds.), Instructional design and technology. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Merrill Prentice Hall. Sheybani, E, & Javidi, G. (2004, October). Interactive multimedia and distance learning. Paper presented at the 2004 ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference, Savannah, GA. Retrieved March 26, 2005 from http://fie.engrng.pitt.edu/fie2004/papers/1539.pdf. Stottlerhenke Associates. Artificial intelligence history. Retrieved on December 17, 2006 from http://www.stottlerhenke.com. Thinkquest.org. The history of artificial intelligence. Retrieved December 17, 2006 from http://library.thinkquest.org/2705/history.html. 14