Louis Farrakhan was born May 11, 1933 as Louis Eugene Walcott (Louis Farrakhan Bibliography). He was born in the Bronx, New York but raised near Boston (Louis Farrakhan Bibliography). He was raised by his mother who came to the United States from Kitts located in the islands of the Caribbean (Louis Farrakhan Bibliography). In Farrakhan’s early years he wanted to be a teacher and he was awarded a scholarship to Winston – Salem Teacher’s college that he did attend for 2 years (Louis Farrakhan Bibliography). After the calling to become a teacher he wanted to pursue another career path and that was to work on his music (Louis Farrakhan Bibliography). Farrakhan played the violin and sang (Louis Farrakhan Bibliography). He had a hit song during his music career and that song was …show more content…
called “Jumbie Jamboree” (Louis Farrakhan Bibliography). His career path soon changed one day after attending a Nation of Islam event that was in Chicago (Louis Farrakhan Bibliography). The Nation of Islam was started by a man named Elijah Muhammad in the 1930’s (Louis Farrakhan Bibliography). “Muhammad established a separate nation for African Americans, and he decried whites as their oppressors” (Louis Farrakhan Bibliography). Malcolm X who was Muhammad’s right hand man encouraged Farrakhan and so Farrakhan joined the movement in 1955 (Louis Farrakhan Bibliography).
Booker T. Washington
Booker T.
Washington was a famous African American during 1895-1915 (Warmser, Web). 1895-1915 was the time of Reconstruction to the Civil Rights movement (Meier and Rudwick, 181). He was an influential for the black schools and colleges because he controlled their flow of funds (Warmser, Web). Booker T. Washington was born into slavery on a farm in Virginia and worked in the salt furnaces and coalmines as a child in West Virginia (Wormser, Web). As a slave he had lived a hard miserable life. He says the owners were cruel and he lived in a small log cabin on the plantation until the Civil War, when the slaves were declared free (Washington). Washington was a hard worker who worked his way through the Hampton Institute, and by age 26 he founded Tuskegee Institute in Alabama (Meir and Rudwick, 182). Washington also founded the National Negro Business League in 1900 (Meir and Rudwick, 182). “Washington was accused of directly contributing to lynching’s and racial segregations by critics especially William Monroe Trotter” (Meier and Rudwick, 182). Washington had great supporters even as far as President Theodore Roosevelt and philanthropist Andrew Carnegie (Meir and Rudwick,
182).
The National Negro Business League was a group that wanted blacks to own their own business basically proving to whites that they were just as capable for economic success (Wormser, Web). The league conducted meetings throughout the South (Marcus, Web). These meetings were for business owners and potential business owners to share stories of success and struggles they face in their businesses (Marcus, Web).
W.E.B Du Bois
W.E.B. Du Bois (William Edward Burghardt Du Bois) was an American Civil rights activist, leader, educator, historian, write, editor, and scholar (NAACP, Web). He was born in Great Barrington Massachusetts where he also grew up (NAACP, Web). Du Bois graduated valedictorian from high school and got his bachelors from Fisk University in Nashville, TN. (NAACP, Web). He taught in African American schools in the Nashville area and in 1888 he attended Harvard University and later attended the University of Berlin (NAACP, Web). After all his schooling he taught at a couple of colleges such as Wilberforce University and the University of Pennsylvania (NAACP, Web).
“W.E.B Du Bois was an activist in the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) this group was an interracial organization that worked for the abolition of segregation and discrimination in housing, education, employment, voting, and transportation; to oppose racism; and ensure African Americans their constitutional rights” (The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica, Web). He was also the leader of the Niagara Movement (The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica, Web). At 95 years old he became a naturalized citizen of Ghana in 1963 (NAACP, Web).
Marcus Garvey
Marcus Garvey was born in St. Ann’s Bay, Jamaica on August 17, 1887 (Marcus, Web). He was a self – educated man and a social activist (Marcus, Web). He founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association, that promoted African Americans and to for African Americans to resettle in their homeland of Africa (Marcus, Web). I the U.S. he had several businesses to promote “a separate black nation” (Marcus, Web). He was later convicted of mail fraud and deported back to Jamacia (Marcus, Web). “In Jamaica he continued to work for black repatriation to Africa” (Marcus, Web).