Mangerial and Communication Notes
MGTS2606 Study notes
Lecture 1: Basic Concepts
Definitions of Communication
Q. What is communication?
• “Communication is a conscious or unconscious, intentional or unintentional process in which feelings and ideas are expressed as verbal and /or nonverbal messages; sent, received and comprehended” (Berko, Wolvin & Wolvin, 1998).
• The process can be accidental (having no intent), expressive (resulting from the emotional state of the person) or rhetorical (resulting from specific goals of the communicator).
• Communication is any behaviour verbal or non-verbal that is perceived by another (Dwyer, 2005).
• “The process by which people interactively create, sustain, and manage meaning” (Conrad & Poole, 1998).
Types of communication
• Intrapersonal: • Messages have no meaning without an individual’s interpretation.
• Interpersonal
• Intragroup
• Intergroup
• Organisational
• Public
Communication is…
• Continuous
• Irreversible
• Interactive
• Contextual
e.g., “You don’t talk to your friends the same way that you talk to your parents”
Functions of Communication
• Why do we communicate?
a) the transfer of information from one party to another
b) the transfer of meaning (e.g. Katz & Kahn, 1966)
[a) Is necessary but not sufficient for (b)]
We have:
Identity Needs
• Each of us enters the world with little sense of identity.
• We gain an idea of who we are from the way others define us and their responses to our behaviours.
• Relationships can change a communicator’s identity as well as confirm it.
• We tend to spend time with people who are like us in order to confirm our identity.
Social Needs
Building bridges between people
• Pleasure
• Affection
• Companionship
• Support
• Validation
• Building networks
• Trust
• Communication can also contribute to harm • Catalysing social conflict (e.g., Rwanda) • Hurtful rumours and gossip
Practical Goals
• Our instrumental needs
• Getting others to behave in a way that
Lecture 1: Basic Concepts
Definitions of Communication
Q. What is communication?
• “Communication is a conscious or unconscious, intentional or unintentional process in which feelings and ideas are expressed as verbal and /or nonverbal messages; sent, received and comprehended” (Berko, Wolvin & Wolvin, 1998).
• The process can be accidental (having no intent), expressive (resulting from the emotional state of the person) or rhetorical (resulting from specific goals of the communicator).
• Communication is any behaviour verbal or non-verbal that is perceived by another (Dwyer, 2005).
• “The process by which people interactively create, sustain, and manage meaning” (Conrad & Poole, 1998).
Types of communication
• Intrapersonal: • Messages have no meaning without an individual’s interpretation.
• Interpersonal
• Intragroup
• Intergroup
• Organisational
• Public
Communication is…
• Continuous
• Irreversible
• Interactive
• Contextual
e.g., “You don’t talk to your friends the same way that you talk to your parents”
Functions of Communication
• Why do we communicate?
a) the transfer of information from one party to another
b) the transfer of meaning (e.g. Katz & Kahn, 1966)
[a) Is necessary but not sufficient for (b)]
We have:
Identity Needs
• Each of us enters the world with little sense of identity.
• We gain an idea of who we are from the way others define us and their responses to our behaviours.
• Relationships can change a communicator’s identity as well as confirm it.
• We tend to spend time with people who are like us in order to confirm our identity.
Social Needs
Building bridges between people
• Pleasure
• Affection
• Companionship
• Support
• Validation
• Building networks
• Trust
• Communication can also contribute to harm • Catalysing social conflict (e.g., Rwanda) • Hurtful rumours and gossip
Practical Goals
• Our instrumental needs
• Getting others to behave in a way that