Manipulation In Dating Relationships
Literature Review
Manipulation is something that in some way or another affects and has an impact on everyone’s lives. Manipulation occurs in every aspect of life, this includes work, and many different kinds of relationships. Because manipulation is so subtle and under the radar most people do not realize that they are being manipulated. In the following literature review three areas of manipulation will be covered: (1) How manipulation plays a role in dating relationships. (2) Manipulation and sexual coercion. (3) Interpersonal orientation and gender.
Relationships: how manipulation plays a role
The definition of manipulation, according to Buss (1987) “is the means by which individuals intentionally (although not necessarily consciously) …show more content…
For example Koss, Gidys & Wisniewski (1987) found that women in college had had unwanted sexual intercourse because men had verbally coerced them (reported by 25% of the women), had used force or threatened (9%), been given alcohol or drugs (8%), had misused authority (2%). One of the most used tactics was trying to arouse the partner (cited by 79% of women). Struckman-Johnson and Struckman-Johnson (1998) discovered that out of 318 college males 43% had been coerced into a sexual act with a woman at least once since the age of …show more content…
Males use manipulation tactics that relate to the apparent power advantage they have over women. Females on the other hand use strategies and tactics that are intended to compensate for their lack of power or in other words counter act the power tactics men use.
Several researchers have studied this phenomenon in a different way. Rubin and Brown (1975) first coined this as interpersonal orientation (IO). These researchers initially had a theory where they believed that people with high IO would be more tuned in and interested in the behavioral and relational interactions of their relationships. Therefore according to the Brown and Rubin people with high IO see each aspect of their relationship to be significant. On the other hand, people of low IO are not as sensitive as people of high IO to the interpersonal and behavioral features of their partner. Also people who have lower IO generally do not place as much importance and value on the relationship and are more focused on reaching their own goals and aspirations without considering their relationship or
Manipulation is something that in some way or another affects and has an impact on everyone’s lives. Manipulation occurs in every aspect of life, this includes work, and many different kinds of relationships. Because manipulation is so subtle and under the radar most people do not realize that they are being manipulated. In the following literature review three areas of manipulation will be covered: (1) How manipulation plays a role in dating relationships. (2) Manipulation and sexual coercion. (3) Interpersonal orientation and gender.
Relationships: how manipulation plays a role
The definition of manipulation, according to Buss (1987) “is the means by which individuals intentionally (although not necessarily consciously) …show more content…
For example Koss, Gidys & Wisniewski (1987) found that women in college had had unwanted sexual intercourse because men had verbally coerced them (reported by 25% of the women), had used force or threatened (9%), been given alcohol or drugs (8%), had misused authority (2%). One of the most used tactics was trying to arouse the partner (cited by 79% of women). Struckman-Johnson and Struckman-Johnson (1998) discovered that out of 318 college males 43% had been coerced into a sexual act with a woman at least once since the age of …show more content…
Males use manipulation tactics that relate to the apparent power advantage they have over women. Females on the other hand use strategies and tactics that are intended to compensate for their lack of power or in other words counter act the power tactics men use.
Several researchers have studied this phenomenon in a different way. Rubin and Brown (1975) first coined this as interpersonal orientation (IO). These researchers initially had a theory where they believed that people with high IO would be more tuned in and interested in the behavioral and relational interactions of their relationships. Therefore according to the Brown and Rubin people with high IO see each aspect of their relationship to be significant. On the other hand, people of low IO are not as sensitive as people of high IO to the interpersonal and behavioral features of their partner. Also people who have lower IO generally do not place as much importance and value on the relationship and are more focused on reaching their own goals and aspirations without considering their relationship or