Metabolism Outline
Exam 3
Study Guide
Digestive System
Differentiate digestion from metabolism
Identify the organs of the alimentary canal in order from the mouth to the anus
Mouth
Know the 8 anatomical parts
Processes – mastication, swallowing , taste
Pharynx
Identify the naso-, oro- and laryngopharynx and classify these regions with respect to passage of food and/or air through them
Longitudinal & circular muscle layer - peristalsis
For the alimentary canal from esophagus to large intestine: Identify each of the four layers of the wall - the mucosa, the submucosa, the muscularis externa, and the serosa (visceral peritoneum), and know what is in each layer
With respect to the stomach:
a. Describe the structure and discuss the function of the cardiac and pyloric sphincters.
b. Identify the structure the cardiac region, the fundus, the body and the pyloric region of the stomach.
c. Discuss the significance of rugae.
d. Discuss the function of the oblique muscle layer of the stomach (see lab!)
e. Identify the structure of a gastric gland including the location of the chief cells, parietal cells, endocrine cells, and mucous cells, and discuss the functions/products of these different cell types.
f. Identify the greater and lesser curvatures and know the significance of the greater and lesser omentum
With respect to the small intestine:
a. Know main function
b. Identify the location of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum and the ileocecal valve.
c. Know the purpose of the mesentery
d. Identify and discuss the functions of the plicae circulares, villi, and microvilli, structures involved in absorption, and Peyer’s patches.
With respect to the large intestine:
a. Know main function(s); goblet cells?
b. Identify the cecum and appendix, the ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid colon, the rectum, and the anus
With respect to the salivary glands:
a. Describe the location of the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands
Study Guide
Digestive System
Differentiate digestion from metabolism
Identify the organs of the alimentary canal in order from the mouth to the anus
Mouth
Know the 8 anatomical parts
Processes – mastication, swallowing , taste
Pharynx
Identify the naso-, oro- and laryngopharynx and classify these regions with respect to passage of food and/or air through them
Longitudinal & circular muscle layer - peristalsis
For the alimentary canal from esophagus to large intestine: Identify each of the four layers of the wall - the mucosa, the submucosa, the muscularis externa, and the serosa (visceral peritoneum), and know what is in each layer
With respect to the stomach:
a. Describe the structure and discuss the function of the cardiac and pyloric sphincters.
b. Identify the structure the cardiac region, the fundus, the body and the pyloric region of the stomach.
c. Discuss the significance of rugae.
d. Discuss the function of the oblique muscle layer of the stomach (see lab!)
e. Identify the structure of a gastric gland including the location of the chief cells, parietal cells, endocrine cells, and mucous cells, and discuss the functions/products of these different cell types.
f. Identify the greater and lesser curvatures and know the significance of the greater and lesser omentum
With respect to the small intestine:
a. Know main function
b. Identify the location of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum and the ileocecal valve.
c. Know the purpose of the mesentery
d. Identify and discuss the functions of the plicae circulares, villi, and microvilli, structures involved in absorption, and Peyer’s patches.
With respect to the large intestine:
a. Know main function(s); goblet cells?
b. Identify the cecum and appendix, the ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid colon, the rectum, and the anus
With respect to the salivary glands:
a. Describe the location of the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands