Motivation Theory
Problems with money as a motivator – how do motivation theories suggest you can motivate people?
Motivation is thought to encompass "personality factors, social variables, and/or cognitions that are assumed to come into play when a person undertakes a task at which he or she is evaluated, enters into competition with others, or attempts to attain some standard of excellence" (Roberts, 1993, p. 406) Motivation is the desire to do things. It is the crucial element in setting and attaining goals – and research shows you can influence your own levels of motivation and self-control. (2) There are many factors that can motivate people, from money, to achieving personal life goals, and there are also many different attributes a person needs to be able to successfully motivate themselves.
In the article written by Aditya Chakrabortty, he writes about the England rugby team and how money was used to motivate them when they played France, and once they lost one player quoted “There 's £35,000 just gone down the toilet”. The 4 theories of motivation: McClelland’s Acquired Needs Theory, Adams Equity Theory, Locke’s Goal Theory and Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory (Hygiene Factors and Motivators) all propose that there are different ways in which an individual can be motivated, and not just by money.
McClelland’s Acquired Needs Theory suggests that an individual’s specific needs are acquired over time and are shaped by one’s life experience. Most of these needs can be classes as achievement, affiliation or power. (3) People with a high need for achievement need to excel in what they do, so they tend to avoid low and high-risk situations, they prefer to go into something which has an even success rate (50/50). Those with high need for affiliation need to be accepted by other people, they prefer work that provides personal interaction. There are two types of power – person and institutional. Personal powered people want to direct other, whereas institutional powered people
Motivation is thought to encompass "personality factors, social variables, and/or cognitions that are assumed to come into play when a person undertakes a task at which he or she is evaluated, enters into competition with others, or attempts to attain some standard of excellence" (Roberts, 1993, p. 406) Motivation is the desire to do things. It is the crucial element in setting and attaining goals – and research shows you can influence your own levels of motivation and self-control. (2) There are many factors that can motivate people, from money, to achieving personal life goals, and there are also many different attributes a person needs to be able to successfully motivate themselves.
In the article written by Aditya Chakrabortty, he writes about the England rugby team and how money was used to motivate them when they played France, and once they lost one player quoted “There 's £35,000 just gone down the toilet”. The 4 theories of motivation: McClelland’s Acquired Needs Theory, Adams Equity Theory, Locke’s Goal Theory and Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory (Hygiene Factors and Motivators) all propose that there are different ways in which an individual can be motivated, and not just by money.
McClelland’s Acquired Needs Theory suggests that an individual’s specific needs are acquired over time and are shaped by one’s life experience. Most of these needs can be classes as achievement, affiliation or power. (3) People with a high need for achievement need to excel in what they do, so they tend to avoid low and high-risk situations, they prefer to go into something which has an even success rate (50/50). Those with high need for affiliation need to be accepted by other people, they prefer work that provides personal interaction. There are two types of power – person and institutional. Personal powered people want to direct other, whereas institutional powered people
References: (1) Questia, 2003, ‘Roberts, 1993, p. 406’, Available at http://www.psychologytoday.com/basics/motivation, Accessed on 27th April 2012 (2) Questia, 2003, Available at http://www.psychologytoday.com/basics/motivation , Accessed on 27th April 2012 (3) Net MBA, 2002-2010, Available at http://www.netmba.com/mgmt/ob/motivation/mcclelland/ Accessed 27th April 2012 (4) Mind Tools, Available at http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newLDR_96.htm , Accessed on 27th April 2012 (5) Mind Tools, Available at http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newHTE_87.htm , Accessed on 27th April 2012# Bibliography (1) Mullins L J (2010) Management & Organisational Behaviour, 9th edition, Pearson Education, Accessed on 26th April 2012 (2) Rollinson D (2005) Organisational Behaviour and Analysis An Integrated Approach, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education, Accessed on 26th April 2012