Online Banking System
1.0 CHAPTER ONE
1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Donor agencies and nongovernmental organization have long regarded tourism as a tool that could successfully foster economic and human development(united nations conference on trade and development,2008)And help alleviate poverty in developing countries(Organization for economic cooperation and development,2008:Goodwin,2009).Community based tourism is one of the largest and fastest growing industries (Lansing and De Vries 2006).Since the 1980 tourism literature has called for the inclusion and involvement of local communities in tourism as local residents are seen as a key resource in sustaining the product(Hardy,Beeton and Pearson,2002).Community participation is therefore regarded as one of the most essential tools if tourism is to make a substantial contribution to national development of a country(Lea,1988).Community based tourism can therefore bring significant economic benefits to a country through developing economies by economic development and poverty reduction(Choi and Sarakaya,2006).
As a response to potential of tourism to induce macro economic growth to less developed countries and as part of a strategy to promote international trade, international institutions such as the united nations world tourism organisations and international monetary fund have launched diverse development programs such as the sustainable tourism for elimination of poverty program to promote tourism as a development tool (Scheyvens, 2007). Development agencies have introduced a broad range of interventions in this field ranging from provision of tree seedlings for community based tourism projects for example USAID or joint ventures between private sector enterprises and communities such as world bank for providing capacity building and technical support to impoverished communities and supporting private sector approaches that provide greater economic benefits(Sofield,2003). Tourism programs with this agencies aren’t always stand
1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Donor agencies and nongovernmental organization have long regarded tourism as a tool that could successfully foster economic and human development(united nations conference on trade and development,2008)And help alleviate poverty in developing countries(Organization for economic cooperation and development,2008:Goodwin,2009).Community based tourism is one of the largest and fastest growing industries (Lansing and De Vries 2006).Since the 1980 tourism literature has called for the inclusion and involvement of local communities in tourism as local residents are seen as a key resource in sustaining the product(Hardy,Beeton and Pearson,2002).Community participation is therefore regarded as one of the most essential tools if tourism is to make a substantial contribution to national development of a country(Lea,1988).Community based tourism can therefore bring significant economic benefits to a country through developing economies by economic development and poverty reduction(Choi and Sarakaya,2006).
As a response to potential of tourism to induce macro economic growth to less developed countries and as part of a strategy to promote international trade, international institutions such as the united nations world tourism organisations and international monetary fund have launched diverse development programs such as the sustainable tourism for elimination of poverty program to promote tourism as a development tool (Scheyvens, 2007). Development agencies have introduced a broad range of interventions in this field ranging from provision of tree seedlings for community based tourism projects for example USAID or joint ventures between private sector enterprises and communities such as world bank for providing capacity building and technical support to impoverished communities and supporting private sector approaches that provide greater economic benefits(Sofield,2003). Tourism programs with this agencies aren’t always stand
References: i. UNWTO(United Nations World Tourism Organization 2008) ii. UNEP (United Nations Environment Program 1997) iii. The Tourism Ministry of Kenya. iv. USAID (United States Aid) v. The Bruntlands Report 1987. vi. World Bank Summit in Sustainable Development 2002. vii. The Evolution and Impacts of Community based eco-tourism in Northern Tanzania (F. Nelson 2004) viii. Tourism chains and pro-poor tourism development: An actor-network analysis of a pilot project in Costa Rica (Van der dum, 2008) ix. Community-based tourism enterprise in Kenya: An exploration of their potential as avenues at poverty reduction (G. Manyara and E. Jones, 2007).