Ovarian cancer is the eighth common cancer in women. This type of cancer is formed in the tissues of the ovary (which are one of a pair of female reproductive glands in which the ova, or eggs, are formed). Most ovarian cancers are either ovarian epithelial carcinomas (cancer that begins in the cells on the surface of the ovary) or malignant germ cell tumors (cancer that begins in egg cells). The estimated of case and deaths to ovarian cancer in the U.S. in 2010 are 21,880 for new cases and 13,850 death have been reported. Ovarian cancer represents a group of different tumors that arise from diverse types of tissue contained only within the ovary. The most common type of ovarian cancer arises from the epithelial cells (the outside layer of cells) of the surface of the ovary. The other, rare types of ovarian cancer develop from the egg-forming germ cells or from the supporting tissue (stroma) of the organ. Benign (non-cancerous) tumors and cysts are also found in the ovary and are much more common than ovarian cancers.
The early stages of ovarian cancer may not cause any obvious symptoms but these are the symptoms that have been report by indigestion, heartburn, nausea, gas, abdominal swelling or discomfort, pelvic pain or cramping, bloating or a feeling of fullness, even after a small meal, painful, frequent, or burning urination with no infection, diarrhea or constipation, loss of appetite, unexplained weight loss or gain, unusual fatigue, low back pain, shortness of breath, abnormal vaginal bleeding or irregular periods, and pain during intercourse.
Doctors don’t know exactly what causes ovarian cancer. There are some factors and conditions may increase a woman's risk of developing this condition. Risk factors for the development of ovarian cancer include: family history of ovarian cancer, women who have one or more close relatives with the disease have an increased risk. Genes may play part in inheriting the trait for ovarian