Pathology Common Terms

Inflammation | * The succession of changes that occurs in a living, vascularized tissue when it receives a sublethal injury * Is designed to destroy, dilute, or otherwise inactivate the injurious agentIs designed to restore the tissue to its original state, insofar as possib | Acute Inflammation | Short durationAccumulation of neutrophils | Chronic Inflammation | Longer durationAccumulation of macrophages and lymphocytesProliferation of fibroblasts and blood vessels | Endothelial | Line the blood vesselsServe as a barrier to passage of fluid, molecules, and cells | Neutrophil | (aka polymorphonuclear leukocyte * Distinctive lobed nucleus * Important in acute inflammation * First line of defense against infectionCan ingest and kill bacteria non-specificallyFirst line of defense against bacteriaKills bacteria nonspecificallyIs a short-lived cellContains lysosomal granules filled with degradative enzymes as well as a variety of antimicrobial substances | Monocytes | When in the tissue is a macrophage * Horseshoe-shaped nucleus * Found in blood, but migrate into tissues where they differentiate into macrophages * Important in late stages of acute inflammation and in chronic inflammation | B and T lymphocytes | * Humoral and cell-mediated immunity Important in chronic inflammation | Cells of Inflammation | EndothelialNeutrophilMonocytesB & T lymphocytesBasophilsEosinophilsMast Cellsplatelets | Basophils | Important reservoirs of inflammatory mediators | Eosinophils | Normal role in defense against parasitesPathological role in allergy | Mast cells | Reside in tissues near blood vesselsReservoirs of histamine and other inflammatory mediators | Platelets | Smallest formed elements of the bloodPrimary role in clottingAlso contain inflammatory mediators | | 5 Cardinal Signs Inflammation | 1. Redness d/t increased blood flow 2. Swelling d/t accumulation of fluid 3. Heat d/t increased blood flow